| 1. |
- Pettersson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Strong and bulky paperboard sheets from surface modified CTMP, manufactured at low energy
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 30:2, s. 318-324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A description is given regarding methods used to manufacture strong and bulky sheets from furnishes based on a broad range of surface modified CTMP qualities. Starch and CMC are adsorbed on the fibre surfaces using a multilayer or a MIX concept. It is shown that both the in-plane and out-of-plane strength for the CTMP based sheets after such surface treatment can be more than doubled at a maintained density. This can be utilized to improve bending stiffness or to reduce the basis weight in multi-ply paperboards.
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| 2. |
- Shang, X. -J, et al.
(författare)
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Quantum-dot-induced optical transition enhancement in InAs quantum-dot-embedded p-i-n GaAs solar cells
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - New York, N.Y. : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 99:11, s. 113514-113514-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photocurrents (PCs) of three p–i–n GaAs solar cells, sample A with InAs quantum dots (QDs) embedded in the depletion region, B with QDs in the n region, and C without QDs, were studied experimentally and theoretically. Above GaAs bandgap, the PC of A is increased, while B is decreased with respect to C, since in A, the QD-induced reflection of hole wave function increases its overlap with electron wave function so that the optical transition rate is enhanced, while carrier mobility in B is reduced due to QD-induced potential variations. Moreover, A and B have increased PCs in the sub-GaAs-bandgap range due to QD optical absorptions.
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| 3. |
- Singh, B., et al.
(författare)
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Feasibility study for the measurement of pi N transition distribution amplitudes at (P)over-barANDA in (P)over-barp -> J/psi pi(0)
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 95:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The exclusive charmonium production process in (P) over barp annihilation with an associated pi 0 meson (p) over barp -> J/psi pi(0) is studied in the framework of QCD collinear factorization. The feasibility of measuring this reaction through the J/psi -> e(+) e(-) decay channel with the AntiProton ANnihilation at DArmstadt ((P) over bar ANDA) experiment is investigated. Simulations on signal reconstruction efficiency as well as the background rejection from various sources including the (P) over barp -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) and (p) over barp -> J/psi pi(0)pi(0) reactions are performed with PANDAROOT, the simulation and analysis software framework of the (P) over bar ANDA experiment. It is shown that the measurement can be done at (P) over bar ANDA with significant constraining power under the assumption of an integrated luminosity attainable in four to five months of data taking at the maximum design luminosity.
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| 4. |
- Singh, B., et al.
(författare)
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Study of doubly strange systems using stored antiprotons
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier. - 0375-9474 .- 1873-1554. ; 954, s. 323-340
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bound nuclear systems with two units of strangeness are still poorly known despite their importance for many strong interaction phenomena. Stored antiprotons beams in the GeV range represent an unparalleled factory for various hyperon-antihyperon pairs. Their outstanding large production probability in antiproton collisions will open the floodgates for a series of new studies of systems which contain two or even more units of strangeness at the PANDA experiment at FAIR. For the first time, high resolution gamma-spectroscopy of doubly strange Lambda Lambda-hypernuclei will be performed, thus complementing measurements of ground state decays of Lambda Lambda-hypernuclei at J-PARC or possible decays of particle unstable hypernuclei in heavy ion reactions. High resolution spectroscopy of multistrange Xi(-) -atoms will be feasible and even the production of Omega(-) -atoms will be within reach. The latter might open the door to the vertical bar S vertical bar = 3 world in strangeness nuclear physics, by the study of the hadronic Omega(-) -nucleus interaction. For the first time it will be possible to study the behavior of Xi(+) in nuclear systems under well controlled conditions.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Albrecht, Malte, et al.
(författare)
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The Forward Endcap of the Electromagnetic Calorimeter for the PANDA Detector at FAIR
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics, Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 587:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The versatile 4π-detector PANDA will be built at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR), an accelerator complex, currently under construction near Darmstadt, Germany. A cooled antiproton beam in a momentum range of 1.5 – 15GeV/c will be provided by the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR). All measurements at PANDA rely on an excellent performance of the detector with respect to tracking, particle identification and energy measurement. The electromagnetic calorimeter (EMC) of the PANDA detector will be equipped with 15744 PbWO(4) crystals (PWO-II), which will be operated at a temperature of – 25° C in order to increase the light output. The design of the forward endcap of the EMC has been finalized. The crystals will be read out with Large Area Avalanche Photo Diodes (LAAPDs) in the outer regions and with Vacuum Photo Tetrodes (VPTTs) in the innermost part. Production of photosensor units utilizing charge integrating preamplifiers has begun. A prototype comprised of 216 PbWO4 crystals has been built and tested at various accelerators (CERN SPS, ELSA/Bonn, MAMI/Mainz), where the crystals have been exposed to electron and photon beams of 25MeV up to 15GeV. The results of these test measurements regarding the energy and position resolution are presented.
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| 7. |
- Alstermark, Bror, et al.
(författare)
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Anders Lundberg (1920-2009)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Experimental Brain Research. - : Springer. - 0014-4819 .- 1432-1106. ; 200:3-4, s. 193-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Anders Lundberg was one of the founding editorial board members for EBR when it began its life in 1976 under the editorship of John Eccles. He was also one of the most prolific contributors to the journal with a total of 49 papers, including a series of 16 on the topic of "integration in descending motor pathways controlling the forelimb in the cat". He continued as an editor of the journal until volume 16 when he persuaded his younger colleague Hans Hultborn to take his place. Hans is one of the authors of the obituary. –John Rothwell
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| 8. |
- Alves, Dimas I, et al.
(författare)
-
A Statistical Analysis for Wavelength-Resolution SAR Image Stacks
- 2020
-
Ingår i: IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 1545-598X .- 1558-0571. ; 17:2, s. 227-231
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This letter presents a clutter statistical analysis for stacks of wavelength-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Each image stack consists of SAR images generated by the same sensor, using the same flight track illuminating the same scene but with a time separation between the illuminations. We test three candidate statistical distributions for time changes in the stack, namely, Rician, Rayleigh, and log-normal. The tests results reveal that the Rician distribution is a very good candidate for modeling stack of wavelength-resolution SAR images, where 98.59 & x0025; of the tested samples passed the Anderson-Darling (AD) goodness-of-fit test. Also, it is observed that the presence of changes in the ground scene is related to the tested samples that have failed in the AD test for the Rician distribution hypothesis.
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| 9. |
- Alves, Dimas irion, et al.
(författare)
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Change Detection Method for Wavelength-Resolution SAR Images Based on Bayes’ Theorem : An Iterative Approach
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE Access. - Piscataway, NJ : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2169-3536. ; 11, s. 84734-84743
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an iterative change detection (CD) method based on Bayes’ theorem for very high-frequency (VHF) ultra-wideband (UWB) SAR images considering commonly used clutter-plus-noise statistical models. The proposed detection technique uses the information of the detected changes to iteratively update the data and distribution information, obtaining more accurate clutter-plus-noise statistics resulting in false alarm reduction. The Bivariate Rayleigh and Bivariate Gaussian distributions are investigated as candidates to model the clutter-plus-noise, and the Anderson-Darling goodness-of-fit test is used to investigate three scenarios of interest. Different aspects related to the distributions are discussed, the observed mismatches are analyzed, and the impact of the distribution chosen for the proposed iterative change detection method is analyzed. Finally, the proposed iterative method performance is assessed in terms of the probability of detection and false alarm rate and compared with other competitive solutions. The experimental evaluation uses data from real measurements obtained using the CARABAS II SAR system. Results show that the proposed iterative CD algorithm performs better than the other methods. Author
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| 10. |
- Alves, Dimas I., et al.
(författare)
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Neyman-Pearson Criterion-Based Change Detection Methods for Wavelength-Resolution SAR Image Stacks
- 2022
-
Ingår i: IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 1545-598X .- 1558-0571. ; 19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This letter presents two new change detection (CD) methods for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image stacks based on the Neyman-Pearson criterion. The first proposed method uses the data from wavelength-resolution images stack to obtain background statistics, which are used in a hypothesis test to detect changes in a surveillance image. The second method considers a priori information about the targets to obtain the target statistics, which are used together with the previously obtained background statistics, to perform a hypothesis test to detect changes in a surveillance image. A straightforward processing scheme is presented to test the proposed CD methods. To assess the performance of both proposed methods, we considered the coherent all radio band sensing (CARABAS)-II SAR images. In particular, to obtain the temporal background statistics required by the derived methods, we used stacks with six images. The experimental results show that the proposed techniques provide a competitive performance in terms of probability of detection and false alarm rate compared with other CD methods. CCBY
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| 11. |
- Alves, Dimas Irion, et al.
(författare)
-
Wavelength-Resolution SAR Change Detection Using Bayes' Theorem
- 2020
-
Ingår i: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 1939-1404 .- 2151-1535. ; 13, s. 5560-5568
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents Bayes' theorem for wavelength-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) change detection method development. Different change detection methods can be derived using Bayes' theorem in combination with the target model, clutter-plus-noise model, iterative implementation, and noniterative implementation. As an example of the Bayes' theorem use for wavelength-resolution SAR change detection method development, we propose a simple change detection method with a clutter-plus-noise model and noniterative implementation. In spite of simplicity, the proposed method provides a very competitive performance in terms of probability of detection and false alarm rate. The best result was a probability of detection of $\text{98.7}\%$ versus a false alarm rate of one per square kilometer.
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| 12. |
- Andersson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Wild boars and farming in Sweden : an assessment of the costs
- 2016
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Wild boar is among the most wide spread mammal in the world and is known to cause serious damages for farmers in terms of crop losses and impacts on farm infrastructure. This study estimate farmers’ cost of wild boar in Sweden, and how it is determined by land scape diversity, proxies for wild boar population, land ownership, feeding and protective measures by the farmer. Data are obtained from a survey of 3200 farmers, and the results indicate an average annual cost of SEK 28843/farm or SEK 305/ha, of which 62% arises from crop losses and 28% from adjustment and protection costs. However, 60% of the farmers reported no damage cost, and we therefore examined the determinants of the probability of damage cost and, when it occurs, the size. It was found that proxies of wild boar abundance and land scape diversity have significant and positive impact on the likelihood and magnitude of costs. Diversity in the landscape gives access to hiding opportunities for the pigs when searching for food in the agricultural fields. Share of area with forage, rented land, arable land, and protective measures all showed significant and positive effects on the size of the damage cost.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Anttila, Sten, et al.
(författare)
-
Program för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn : En systematisk litteraturöversikt
- 2010
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det är angeläget att finna metoder för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn. Det finns tecken på att psykisk ohälsa hos barn kan ha ökat under de senaste decennierna och strukturerade insatser för att komma till rätta med problemen blir allt vanligare såväl inom kommunal verksamhet som inom hälso- och sjukvård. Interventionen utgörs av så kallade program som är standardiserade och finns beskrivna i manual eller motsvarande. Här sammanfattas det vetenskapliga underlaget för två typer av program: dels de som främst syftar till att förebygga utagerande beteenden hos barn och ungdomar, dels de som i första hand syftar till att förebygga inåtvända problem som ångest, depression och självskadebeteende. Program som har en allmänt hälsobefrämjande effekt, t ex för att förebygga drogmissbruk och våldshandlingar ingår följaktligen inte. Programmen är avsedda att ha effekt, inte bara direkt efter att programmet har avslutats utan även i framtiden. Rapporten har tagits fram på förfrågan av Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien och UPP-centrum (Utvecklingscentrum för barns psykiska hälsa) vid Socialstyrelsen. Båda har efterfrågat en systematisk litteraturöversikt för att klarlägga nyttan med att använda program för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn. Slutsatser: - Av 33 bedömda standardiserade och strukturerade insatser (program) som syftar till att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn har sju ett begränsat vetenskapligt stöd i den internationella litteraturen. Det är föräldrastödsprogrammen Incredible Years och Triple P, familjestödsprogrammet Family Check-Up samt skolprogrammen Good Behavior Game, Coping Power, Coping with Stress och FRIENDS. Effekterna är med få undantag små. Studierna är utförda i andra länder. Eftersom effekterna sannolikt varierar med sociala och kulturella sammanhang är det oklart i vilken utsträckning som programmen kan överföras till Sverige med bibehållen effekt. Programmen kan också behöva anpassas så att de överensstämmer med svenska värderingar och syn på barns rätt. - I Sverige används ett hundratal olika program för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn, i huvudsak av utagerande typ. Inget av dem har utvärderats i Sverige i randomiserade studier med minst sex månaders uppföljning. Programmen De otroliga åren (översatt från Incredible Years), Triple P och Family Check-Up har enligt internationella studier begränsat vetenskapligt stöd för förebyggande effekt. Programmen KOMET, COPE, SET, StegVis, Beardslees familjeintervention, Connect och DISA har undersökts i minst en kontrollerad studie vardera men har inte tillräckligt vetenskapligt stöd för förebyggande effekt. Övriga program som används i Sverige är inte vetenskapligt utprövade som preventionsprogram. - Program som bygger på att ungdomar med utagerande problem träffas i grupp kan öka risken för normbrytande beteenden. Andra negativa effekter för såväl program för utagerande som för inåtvända problem är tänkbara men ofullständigt belysta. - Det behövs randomiserade studier som undersöker om de program som används har förebyggande effekt i svenska populationer och inte medför risker. Det behövs också hälsoekonomiska studier som undersöker om programmen är kostnadseffektiva.
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| 16. |
- Atomassa, Ermias, et al.
(författare)
-
Feasibility studies for nucleon structure measurements with PANDA
- 2014
-
Ingår i: EPJ Web of Conferences. - : EDP Sciences. - 2100-014X. ; 81
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study of nucleon structure is one of the main physics goals of PANDA to be built at the FAIR accelerator complex. The excellent particle identification performance of the PANDA detector will enable measurements of exclusive channels p̄ p -> e^+e^- and p̄ p -> pi^0 J/psi -> pi^0e^+e^- to extract the electromagnetic form factors of protons and pi-nucleon Transition Distribution Amplitudes (pi-N TDAs). After a brief description of the PANDA apparatus and a method to handle momentum resolution degradation due to Bremsstrahlung, the physics of pi-N TDAs is discussed. An estimate for the expected signal to background ratio for p̄ p -> pi^0 J/psi -> pi^0e^+e^- that takes into account the main background source is given.
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| 17. |
- Belitsky, Victor, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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A new 3 mm band receiver for the Onsala 20 m antenna
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 580
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new receiver for the Onsala 20 m antenna with the possibility of being equipped with 3 mm and 4 mm bands has been built and the 3 mm channel has been commissioned during the Spring 2014. For single-dish operation, the receiver uses an innovative on-source/off-source optical switch. In combination with additional optical components and within the same optical layout, the switch provides two calibration loads (for the 3 mm and 4 mm channels), sideband rejection measurement, and tuning possibilities. The optical layout of the receiver employs all cold (4 K) offset elliptical mirrors for both channels, whereas the on-off switch employs flat mirrors only. The 3 mm channel employs a sideband separation (2SB) dual polarization receiver with orthomode transducer (OMT), 4-8 GHz intermediate frequency (IF), x? 2pol x? upper and lower sidebands (USB? +? LSB). The cryostat has four optical windows made of high density polyethylene (HDPE) with anti-reflection corrugations, two for the signal and two for each frequency band cold load. The cryostat uses a two-stage cryocooler produced by Sumitomo HI? RDK? 408D2 with anti-vibration suspension of the cold-head to minimize impact of the vibrations on the receiver stability. The local oscillator (LO) system is based on a Gunn oscillator with aphase lock loop (PLL) and four mechanical tuners for broadband operation, providing independently tunable LO power for each polarization. This paper provides a technical description of the receiver and its technology and could be useful for instrumentation engineers and observers using the Onsala 20 m telescope.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Bicak, Mesude, et al.
(författare)
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Prostate cancer risk SNP rs10993994 is a trans-eQTL for SNHG11 mediated through MSMB
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 29:10, s. 1581-1591
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How genome-wide association studies-identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) affect remote genes remains unknown. Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) association meta-analysis on 496 prostate tumor and 602 normal prostate samples with 117 SNPs revealed novel cis-eQTLs and trans-eQTLs. Mediation testing and colocalization analysis demonstrate that MSMB is a cis-acting mediator for SNHG11 (P < 0.01). Removing rs10993994 in LNCaP cell lines by CRISPR/Cas9 editing shows that the C-allele corresponds with an over 100-fold increase in MSMB expression and 5-fold increase in SNHG11 compared with the T-allele. Colocalization analysis confirmed that the same set of SNPs associated with MSMB expression is associated with SNHG11 expression (posterior probability of shared variants is 66.6% in tumor and 91.4% in benign). These analyses further demonstrate variants driving MSMB expression differ in tumor and normal, suggesting regulatory network rewiring during tumorigenesis.
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| 20. |
- Biernat, Jacek, et al.
(författare)
-
Feasibility studies for the Forward Spectrometer
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics, Conference Series. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 599:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Forward Spectrometer designed for the P̄ANDA detector will consist of many different detector systems allowing for precise track reconstruction and particle identification. Feasibility studies for Forward Spectrometer done by means of specific reactions will be presented. In the first part of the paper, results of simulations focussing on rate estimates of the tracking stations based on straw tubes will be presented. Next, the importance of the Forward Tracker will be demonstrated through the reconstruction of the ψ(4040) → DD̄ decay. Finally, results from the analysis of the experimental data collected with a straw tube prototype designed and constructed at the Research Center in Juelich will be discussed.
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| 21. |
- Boca, Gianluigi, et al.
(författare)
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The experiment PANDA: physics with antiprotons at FAIR
- 2015
-
Ingår i: EPJ Web of Conferences. - : EDP Sciences. - 2100-014X. ; 95
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PANDA is an experiment that will run at the future facility FAIR, Darmstadt, Germany. A high intensity and cooled antiproton beam will collide on a fixed hydrogen or nuclear target covering center-of-mass energies between 2.2 and 5.5 GeV. PANDA addresses various physics aspects from the low energy non-perturbative region towards the perturbative regime of QCD. With the impressive theoretical developments in this field, e.g. lattice QCD, the predictions are becoming more accurate in the course of time. The data harvest with PANDA will, therefore, be an ideal test bench with the aim to provide a deeper understanding of hadronic phenomena such as confinement and the generation of hadron masses. A variety of physics topics will be covered with PANDA, for example: the formation or production of exotic non-qqbar charm meson states connected to the recently observed XYZ spectrum; the study of gluon-rich matter, such as glueballs and hybrids; the spectroscopy of the excited states of strange and charm baryons, their production cross section and their spin correlations; the behaviour of hadrons in nuclear matter; the hypernuclear physics; the electromagnetic proton form factors in the timelike region.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Boy, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Interactions between the atmosphere, cryosphere, and ecosystems at northern high latitudes
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 19:3, s. 2015-2061
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Nordic Centre of Excellence CRAICC (Cryosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in a Changing Arctic Climate), funded by NordForsk in the years 2011-2016, is the largest joint Nordic research and innovation initiative to date, aiming to strengthen research and innovation regarding climate change issues in the Nordic region. CRAICC gathered more than 100 scientists from all Nordic countries in a virtual centre with the objectives of identifying and quantifying the major processes controlling Arctic warming and related feedback mechanisms, outlining strategies to mitigate Arctic warming, and developing Nordic Earth system modelling with a focus on short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs), including natural and anthropogenic aerosols. The outcome of CRAICC is reflected in more than 150 peer-reviewed scientific publications, most of which are in the CRAICC special issue of the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. This paper presents an overview of the main scientific topics investigated in the centre and provides the reader with a state-of-the-art comprehensive summary of what has been achieved in CRAICC with links to the particular publications for further detail. Faced with a vast amount of scientific discovery, we do not claim to completely summarize the results from CRAICC within this paper, but rather concentrate here on the main results which are related to feedback loops in climate change-cryosphere interactions that affect Arctic amplification.
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| 24. |
- Braniste, Viorica, et al.
(författare)
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The gut microbiota influences blood-brain barrier permeability in mice
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Science Translational Medicine. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science. - 1946-6234 .- 1946-6242. ; 6:263, s. 263ra158-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pivotal to brain development and function is an intact blood-brain barrier (BBB), which acts as a gatekeeper to control the passage and exchange of molecules and nutrients between the circulatory system and the brain parenchyma. The BBB also ensures homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). We report that germ-free mice, beginning with intrauterine life, displayed increased BBB permeability compared to pathogen-free mice with a normal gut flora. The increased BBB permeability was maintained in germ-free mice after birth and during adulthood and was associated with reduced expression of the tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-5, which are known to regulate barrier function in endothelial tissues. Exposure of germ-free adult mice to a pathogen-free gut microbiota decreased BBB permeability and up-regulated the expression of tight junction proteins. Our results suggest that gut microbiota-BBB communication is initiated during gestation and propagated throughout life.
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| 25. |
- Bremer, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Performance of prototypes for the PANDA barrel EMC
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics, Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 587:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PANDA experiment will be part of the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) and aims for the study of strong interaction within the charm sector via antiproton proton collisions up to antiproton momenta of 15 GeV/c. Reflecting the variety of the physics program the PANDA detector is designed as a multi-purpose detector able to perform tracking, calorimetry and particle identification with nearly complete coverage of the solid angle. The Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMC) contained inside its Target Spectrometer is based on cooled PbWO(4) scintillator crystals. In order to ensure an excellent performance throughout the large dynamic range of photon/electron energies ranging from a few MeV up to 15 GeV an extensive prototyping phase is mandatory. This contribution describes the measured response of the EMC barrel part prototype PROTO60 at the largest design energy to secondary beams provided by the SPS at CERN. In addition to PROTO60 a tracking station was deployed, providing precise position information of the 15 GeV/c positrons. For calibration purposes a 150 GeV/c muon beam and cosmic radiation, in combination with estimations from GEANT4 simulations were used. The obtained performance concerning energy, position and time information is presented.
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| 26. |
- Burström, Lage, et al.
(författare)
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A follow-up study of welders’ exposure to vibration in a heavy engineering production workshop
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration and Active Control. - : Sage Publications. - 0263-0923 .- 1461-3484 .- 2048-4046. ; 29:1, s. 33-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manual work involving vibrating power tools is associated with symptoms that include vascular, neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. This study examines the vibration exposure of welders to determine the change between 1987 and 2008. Vibration measurements on handheld tools were used to evaluate the acceleration and the daily exposure time was determined by subjective rating. From these data, the 8-hour equivalent vibration exposure A(8), has been calculated. During the period, the A(8) decreased from 3.9 m/s2 to 1.9 m/s2. It was concluded that this decrease is the result of fewer vibrating tools and a decrease in daily exposure time. Although the daily vibration exposure has decreased over the study time, for some welders the daily vibration exposure A(8) is still above the action value set by the EU directive on vibration. This means more effort should be spent to decrease vibration exposure.
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| 27. |
- Burström, Lage, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to whole-body vibration in open-cast mines in the Barents region
- 2016
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: We aimed to measure and evaluate whole-body vibration (WBV) exposure among drivers of mining vehicles in the Barents region.STUDY DESIGN: In the period from November 2012 to August 2014, this cross-sectional study was carried out at 3 mines in Finland, Norway and Sweden as part of the MineHealth project.METHODS: Measurements of WBV were conducted on the surface of the driver's seat during normal work in accordance with international standards. Personal data on daily exposure times were collected by a questionnaire.RESULTS: Measurements were conducted on 95 different mining vehicles both as root mean square (RMS) value and vibration dose value (VDV) representing different manufacturers, models and capacities. Of the 453 miners who answered the questionnaire, 232 indicated that they were exposed to WBV during their working day. The results show that the mean daily exposure time varies between 1.9 and 6.7 h for different vehicles. The calculated mean A(8) could be found in an interval between 0.2 and 1.0 m/s(2) and the corresponding 8-h VDV fell between 7 and 17 m/s(1.75).CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to WBV among operators of mining vehicles may be a serious health and safety problem in the mines studied. The employers ought, therefore, take active steps to reduce exposure in accordance with the European vibration directive. Moreover, since some groups of drivers are exposed to vibration that is close to or exceeds the exposure limit values, the employer should take immediate action to reduce exposure below these values.
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| 28. |
- Burström, Lage, et al.
(författare)
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Musculoskeletal symptoms and exposure to whole-body vibration among open-pit mine workers in the arctic
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health. - : Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine. - 1232-1087 .- 1896-494X. ; 30:4, s. 553-564
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: This cross-sectional questionnaire study was carried out at 4 open-pit mines in Finland, Norway, Russia and Sweden as part of the MineHealth project. The aim has been to compare the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms between drivers of mining vehicles and non-drivers. Material and Methods: The mine workers were asked whether they had suffered from any musculoskeletal symptoms during the previous 12 months in specified body regions, and to grade the severity of these symptoms during the past month. They were also asked about their daily driving of mining vehicles. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 1323 workers (757 vehicle drivers) and the reported prevalence and severity of symptoms were highest for the lower back, followed by pain in the neck, shoulder and upper back. Drivers in the Nordic mines reported fewer symptoms than non-drivers, while for Russian mine workers the results were the opposite of that. The daily driving of mining vehicles had no significant association with the risk of symptoms. Female drivers indicated a higher prevalence of symptoms as compared to male drivers. Conclusions: The study provided only weak support for the hypothesis that drivers of vehicles reported a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms than non-vehicle drivers. There were marked differences in the prevalence of symptoms among workers in various enterprises, even though the nature of the job tasks was similar.
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| 29. |
- Burström, Lage, et al.
(författare)
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Thermal perception thresholds among workers in a cold climate
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 90:7, s. 645-652
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To investigate whether exposure to cold could influence the thermal perception thresholds in a working population.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was comprised of 251 males and females and was carried out at two mines in the northern part of Norway and Sweden. The testing included a baseline questionnaire, a clinical examination and measurements of thermal perception thresholds, on both hands, the index (Digit 2) and little (Digit 5) fingers, for heat and cold.RESULTS: The thermal perception thresholds were affected by age, gender and test site. The thresholds were impaired by experiences of frostbite in the fingers and the use of medication that potentially could affect neurosensory functions. No differences were found between the calculated normative values for these workers and those in other comparative investigations conducted in warmer climates.CONCLUSIONS: The study provided no support for the hypothesis that living and working in cold climate will lead to impaired thermal perception thresholds. Exposure to cold that had caused localized damage in the form of frostbite was shown to lead to impaired thermal perception.
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| 30. |
- Carlsson, Daniel, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Can sensation of cold hands predict Raynaud's phenomenon or paraesthesia?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Occupational Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0962-7480 .- 1471-8405. ; 68:5, s. 314-319
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Raynaud's phenomenon and neurosensory symptoms are common after hand-arm vibration exposure. Knowledge of early signs of vibration injuries is needed. Aims To investigate the risk of developing Raynaud's phenomenon and paraesthesia in relation to sensation of cold hands in a cohort of male employees at an engineering plant. Methods We followed a cohort of male manual and office workers at an engineering plant in Sweden for 21 years. At baseline (1987 and 1992) and each follow-up (1992, 1997, 2002, 2008), we assessed sensation of cold, Raynaud's phenomenon and paraesthesia in the hands using questionnaires and measured vibration exposure. We calculated risk estimates with univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses and adjusted for vibration exposure and tobacco usage. Results There were 241 study participants. During the study period, 21 individuals developed Raynaud's phenomenon and 43 developed paraesthesia. When adjusting the risk of developing Raynaud's phenomenon for vibration exposure and tobacco use, the odds ratios were between 6.0 and 6.3 (95% CI 2.2-17.0). We observed no increased risk for paraesthesia in relation to a sensation of cold hands. Conclusions A sensation of cold hands was a risk factor for Raynaud's phenomenon. At the individual level, reporting a sensation of cold hands did not appear to be useful information to predict future development of Raynaud's phenomenon given a weak to moderate predictive value. For paraesthesia, the sensation of cold was not a risk factor and there was no predictive value at the individual level.
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| 31. |
- Carlsson, Daniel, 1982-
(författare)
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Effects of cold and hand-arm vibration on the peripheral neurosensory and vascular system : an occupational perspective
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background In Swedish working life, exposure to cold and exposure to hand-arm vibration (HAV) are two common health hazards. Health effects of HAV in the neurosensory, vascular and musculoskeletal systems are collectively denoted hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), and have been thoroughly studied. Effects of cold exposure in terms of effects on the peripheral neurosensory and vascular system are on the contrary limited, especially in an occupational setting. Effects of cold exposure or cold injury have not previously been assessed with quantitative sensory testing (QST). Commonly reported symptoms after exposure to HAV and after cold injuries, includes cold sensitivity and sensation of cold. Cold sensitivity can also occur without previous exposure to vibration or cold and may have a major impact on quality of life. Other possible risk factors for cold sensitivity need to be assessed. Sensation of cold hands could theoretically imply an early manifestation of damage to the neurosensory or vascular system, and therefore be of importance to enable early detection of vascular and neurosensory HAVS. The purpose of this thesis was to increase the knowledge about health effects from cold and HAV on the peripheral neurosensory and vascular system, with an occupational perspective. The aims were: first, to identify and evaluate health effects and sequelae in the peripheral neurosensory and vascular system due to cold injury and cold exposure; second, to investigate if sensation of cold hands is a predictor for future onset of Raynaud's phenomenon or paresthesia; and third, to identify possible risk factors associated with cold sensitivity.Methods A case series on 15 military conscripts with local cold injuries in the hands or feet, involving QST and symptom descriptions, was conducted to investigate the hypothesis that cold injuries can result in similar neurosensory and vascular impairments as in HAVS. To assess health effects of cold exposure, a cohort study on 54 military conscripts in cold winter military training, with cold exposure assessments, was conducted. Possible health effects were assessed after 14 months of military training, containing considerable cold exposure, by means of QST, Finger systolic blood pressure after local cooling (FSBP) and a questionnaire. To investigate if sensation of cold hands is a predictor for vascular or neurosensory HAVS we investigated a cohort of 178 employees at a manufacturing company where HAV was a common exposure. The cohort was followed during 21 years and both vibration exposure and health outcomes were assessed regularly. Questionnaire items were used to assess sensations of cold hands as well as signs of Raynaud’s phenomenon and paresthesia. To identify risk factors for cold sensitivity a case-control study was conducted involving 997iiiparticipants from the general population in northern Sweden. The study was cross-sectional and explored possible risk factors for cold sensitivity.Results Cold injuries and cold exposure were associated with reduced sensibility in QST and increase severity and prevalence of neurosensory and vascular symptoms. Our results did not show any impairment in peripheral blood flow due to cold exposure, detectable by FSBP. The risk of developing Raynaud's phenomenon was increased for workers previously reporting sensation of cold hands (OR 6.3, 95% CI 2.3-17.0). No increased risk for paresthesia in relation to a sensation of cold hands was observed. The identified risk factors for cold sensitivity were frostbite in the hands, rheumatic disease, nerve injury in upper extremities or neck, migraine and vascular disease. When analysing women and men separately, women’s risk factors were frostbite in the hands, rheumatic disease, migraine and cold exposure. Men’s risk factors were frostbite in the hands, vibration exposure and nerve injury in upper extremities or neck. BMI > 25 was a protective factor for both men and women.Conclusion Cold injury and cold exposure are associated with impairments in the neurosensory system, detectable by QST. Symptoms such as sensation of cold hands and white fingers indicate vascular involvement, even though no vascular impairments due to cold exposure could be detected by objective measurements. A sensation of cold hands is a risk factor for development of Raynaud´s phenomenon, but not for paresthesia. At the individual level, reporting cold hands does not appear to be useful information when considering the possibility of a future development of Raynaud’s phenomenon. Frostbite in the hands is a risk factor for cold sensitivity among both women and men. For women rheumatic disease, migraine and cold exposure are also independent risk factors, and for men, exposure to HAV. Being overweight is a protective factor for both women and men.
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| 32. |
- Carlsson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Neurosensory and vascular function after 14 months of military training comprising cold winter conditions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - : Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 42:1, s. 61-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the effects of 14 months of military training comprising cold winter conditions on neurosensory and vascular function in the hands and feet.METHODS: Military conscripts (N=54) were assessed with quantitative sensory testing comprising touch, temperature, and vibration perception thresholds and finger systolic blood pressure (FSBP) after local cooling and a questionnaire on neurosensory and vascular symptoms at both baseline and follow-up. Ambient air temperature was recorded with body worn temperature loggers.RESULTS: The subjects showed reduced sensitivity to perception of touch, warmth, cold and vibrations in both the hands and feet except from vibrotactile perception in digit two of the right hand (right dig 2). Cold sensations, white fingers, and pain/discomfort when exposed to cold as well as pain increased in both prevalence and severity. There were no statistically significant changes in FSBP after local cooling.CONCLUSION: Fourteen months of winter military training comprising cold winter conditions reduced sensation from touch, warmth, cold, and vibrotactile stimulus in both hands and feet and increased the severity and prevalence of symptoms and pain. The vascular function in the hands, measured by FSBP after local cooling, was not affected.
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| 33. |
- Carlsson, Sigrid V., et al.
(författare)
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Can one blood draw replace transrectal ultrasonography-estimated prostate volume to predict prostate cancer risk?
- 2013
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Ingår i: BJU International. - 1464-4096 .- 1464-410X. ; 112:5, s. 602-609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To explore whether a panel of kallikrein markers in blood: total, free and intact prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and kallikrein-related peptidase 2, could be used as a non-invasive alternative for predicting prostate cancer on biopsy in a screening setting. Subjects and Methods The study cohort comprised previously unscreened men who underwent sextant biopsy owing to elevated PSA (3 ng/mL) in two different centres of the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer, Rotterdam (n = 2914) and Gteborg (n = 740). A statistical model, based on kallikrein markers, was compared with one based on established clinical factors for the prediction of biopsy outcome. Results The clinical tests were found to be no better than blood markers, with an area under the curve in favour of the blood measurements of 0.766 vs. 0.763 in Rotterdam and 0.809 vs. 0.774 in Gteborg. Adding digital rectal examination (DRE) or DRE plus transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) volume to the markers improved discrimination, although the increases were small. Results were similar for predicting high-grade cancer. There was a strong correlation between the blood measurements and TRUS-estimated prostate volume (Spearman's correlation 0.60 in Rotterdam and 0.57 in Gteborg). Conclusions In previously unscreened men, each with indication for biopsy, a statistical model based on kallikrein levels was similar to a clinical model in predicting prostate cancer in a screening setting, outside the day-to-day clinical practice. Whether a clinical approach can be replaced by laboratory analyses or used in combination with decision models (nomograms) is a clinical judgment that may vary from clinician to clinician depending on how they weigh the different advantages and disadvantages (harms, costs, time, invasiveness) of both approaches.
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| 34. |
- Davi, F., et al.
(författare)
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Technical design report for the endcap disc DIRC
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics G. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 49:12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PANDA (anti-proton annihiliation at Darmstadt) is planned to be one of the four main experiments at the future international accelerator complex FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) in Darmstadt, Germany. It is going to address fundamental questions of hadron physics and quantum chromodynamics using cooled antiproton beams with a high intensity and and momenta between 1.5 and 15 GeV/c. PANDA is designed to reach a maximum luminosity of 2 × 1032 cm−2 s. Most of the physics programs require an excellent particle identification (PID). The PID of hadronic states at the forward endcap of the target spectrometer will be done by a fast and compact Cherenkov detector that uses the detection of internally reflected Cherenkov light (DIRC) principle. It is designed to cover the polar angle range from 5° to 22° and to provide a separation power for the separation of charged pions and kaons up to 3 standard deviations (s.d.) for particle momenta up to 4 GeV/c in order to cover the important particle phase space. This document describes the technical design and the expected performance of the novel PANDA disc DIRC detector that has not been used in any other high energy physics experiment before. The performance has been studied with Monte-Carlo simulations and various beam tests at DESY and CERN. The final design meets all PANDA requirements and guarantees sufficient safety margins.
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| 35. |
- Deirmina, Faraz, et al.
(författare)
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Heat Treatment And Mechanical Properties Of A Novel Ultrahigh Strength Co-free Maraging Steel Fabricated By Additive Manufacturing
- 2021
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Ingår i: Euro PM2021 Congress Proceedings. - : European Powder Metallurgy Association (EPMA).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the fabrication of a Co-free ultra-high strength maraging steel designed for the laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process using computational approaches. The aim was to obtain an essentially martensitic microstructure after the L-PBF process, and to achieve an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of minimum 1700 MPa after direct ageing of the as-built microstructure. Microstructural characterization, dilatometry, and tensile and impact toughness tests were used to evaluate the employed approach.
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| 36. |
- Destefanis, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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Spin studies via Drell-Yan processes at PANDA
- 2014
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Ingår i: EPJ Web of Conferences. - : EDP Sciences. - 2100-014X. ; 73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nucleon structure is still not completely understood. A transverse momentum dependent description of the nucleon structure is a crucial milestone for several forthcoming studies in a wide range of experimental scenarios. By means of antiproton beams, possibly polarized in a later stage of the project, with a beam momentum up to 15 GeV/c, which will be available at the future FAIR facility, the nonperturbative region of QCD is planned to be investigated. One of the main goals of the forthcoming experiments at FAIR is the study of Drell-Yan lepton pairs by means of proton-antiproton annihilations, taking also advantage of the expected high luminosity. The Drell-Yan production is a unique tool to access the spin dependent properties of the nucleon, and in particular its transverse degrees of freedom. Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs), i.e. the Boer-Mulders function, the Sivers function, and the Transversity, could be deeply investigated by means of experimental angular asymmetries. In later stages of FAIR, single- and double-spin asymmetries could be investigated as well. The Drell-Yan physics program which could be accessed at FAIR with the PANDA experiment will be discussed in details, in the light of existing results in the field.
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| 37. |
- Engberg, Birgitta A., Docent, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Abrasive refining of spruce TMP and CTMP fibers
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Mechanical Pulping Conference. ; , s. 57-62
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Most of the earlier proposed ways to reduce energy con-sumption in high consistency refining requires operating at a small disc gap. However, a small gap is often associated with a severe fiber length reduction and often lead to unsta-ble refining and a small operational window. To address these issues, the idea of utilizing abrasive segments surfaces is here revisited. Abrasive refiner segments, consisting of abrasive surfaces in combinations with traditional bars and grooves or flat abrasive surfaces without any bars or grooves, were evaluated in both pilot and mill scale. From the trials it could be concluded, that particularly stable refin-ing was achieved with less power variations compared to when using standard segments, even when refining at very small disc gaps. The lw-mean fiber length of the pulps was not reduced or only slightly reduced, even when refining at very small disc gaps. Tensile index could be increased more efficiently or equally efficient as when using standard seg-ments. Improved energy efficiency could be achieved when combining the abrasive surface with high intensity treat-ment.
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| 38. |
- Ferritsius, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Water Absorption and Wet Strength in Hot-pressed Paper
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Mechanical Pulping Conference. ; , s. 168-170
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Effects of hot-pressing on anisotropic sheets with less good formation was here investigated. The main objective was to study water absorption capacity in relation to the wet strength of hot-pressed paper. A pilot paper machine was used to produce papers from TMP and CTMP furnishes. The results indicate that it is not only the high dry content after wetting that contributes to the high wet strength of the paper hot-pressed at 200C. If it is required to have a paper with both low absorption of water and high wet strength, hot-pressing at 200C seems to be more desirable than using con-ventional drying and adding wet chemical agents to the furnish.
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| 39. |
- Fioravanti, Elisa, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental overview of the PANDA experiment
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics, Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 503
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The physics program of the (anti-Proton ANhiliation ar DArmstadt) experiment will address various questions related to the strong interactions by employing a multi-purpose detector system at the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) for anti-protons of the upcoming Facility for Anti-proton and Ion Research (FAIR). The excellent antiproton beam resolution of Δp/p ~ 10−5 and the high luminosity =2×1032cm−2 s−1 will allow the precise measurement of the charmonium and open charm spectroscopy, the search for exotic hadrons like multiquarks, glueballs and hybrids, the study of in-medium modifications of hadrons and the nucleon structure.
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| 40. |
- Gomes, Natanael Rodrigues, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the Rayleigh and K-Distributions for Application in Incoherent Change Detection
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. - : IEEE. - 1545-598X .- 1558-0571. ; 16, s. 756-760
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this letter is to compare two incoherent change-detection algorithms for target detection in low-frequency ultrawideband (UWB) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. The considered UWB SAR operates in the frequency range from 20 to 90 MHz. Both approaches employ a likelihood ratio test according to the Neyman–Pearson criterion. First, the bivariate Rayleigh probability distribution is used to implement the likelihood ratio test function. This distribution is well known and has been used for change-detection algorithms in low-frequency UWB SAR with good results. Aiming to minimize the false alarm rate and taking into consideration that low-frequency UWB SAR images have high resolution compared to the transmitted wavelength, the second approach implements the test by using a bivariate K-distribution. This distribution has scale and shape parameters that can be used to adjust it to the data. No filter is applied to the data set images, and the results show that with a good statistical model, it is not needed to rely on filtering the data to decrease the number of false alarms. Therefore, we can have a better tradeoff between resolution and detection performance.
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| 41. |
- Gottfridsson, Hans Olof, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Att gränspendla : samma fast olika
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: På gränsen. - Karlstad : Karlstad University Press. - 9789170634574 ; , s. 95-110
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 42. |
- Gren, Ing-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Cost of wild boar to farmers in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Review of Agricultural Economics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0165-1587 .- 1464-3618. ; 47, s. 226-246
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wild boar are widespread mammals in the world that can cause serious economic damage to farmers. Using data from a survey of farmers in Sweden, this study provides estimates of the cost of wild boar (crop loss, machinery damage, protection) to farmers in Sweden. The results indicate that 39 per cent of respondents had experienced at least one of the three types of costs and that they report a wide range of damage values. Regression results from an instrumental variable Tobit model showed that costs are significantly increasing in wild boar abundance and landscape diversity, and decreasing in the share of grain production.
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| 43. |
- Gupta, A., et al.
(författare)
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A four-kallikrein panel for the prediction of repeat prostate biopsy: data from the European Randomized Study of Prostate Cancer Screening in Rotterdam, Netherlands
- 2010
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1532-1827 .- 0007-0920. ; 103:5, s. 708-714
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Most men with elevated levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) do not have prostate cancer, leading to a large number of unnecessary biopsies. A statistical model based on a panel of four kallikreins has been shown to predict the outcome of a first prostate biopsy. In this study, we apply the model to an independent data set of men with previous negative biopsy but persistently elevated PSA. METHODS: The study cohort consisted of 925 men with a previous negative prostate biopsy and elevated PSA (>= 3 ngml(-1)), with 110 prostate cancers detected (12%). A previously published statistical model was applied, with recalibration to reflect the lower positive biopsy rates on rebiopsy. RESULTS: The full-kallikrein panel had higher discriminative accuracy than PSA and DRE alone, with area under the curve (AUC) improving from 0.58 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52, 0.64) to 0.68 (95% CI: 0.62, 0.74), P<0.001, and high-grade cancer (Gleason >= 7) at biopsy with AUC improving from 0.76 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.89) to 0.87 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.94), P 0.003). Application of the panel to 1000 men with persistently elevated PSA after initial negative biopsy, at a 15% risk threshold would reduce the number of biopsies by 712; would miss (or delay) the diagnosis of 53 cancers, of which only 3 would be Gleason 7 and the rest Gleason 6 or less. CONCLUSIONS: Our data constitute an external validation of a previously published model. The four-kallikrein panel predicts the result of repeat prostate biopsy in men with elevated PSA while dramatically decreasing unnecessary biopsies. British Journal of Cancer (2010) 103, 708-714. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605815 www.bjcancer.com Published online 27 July 2010 (C) 2010 Cancer Research UK
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Haiman, Christopher A, et al.
(författare)
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Levels of Beta-Microseminoprotein in Blood and Risk of Prostate Cancer in Multiple Populations.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2105 .- 0027-8874.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundA common genetic variant (rs10993994) in the 5' region of the gene encoding β-microseminoprotein (MSP) is associated with circulating levels of MSP and prostate cancer risk. Whether MSP levels are predictive of prostate cancer risk has not been evaluated.MethodsWe investigated the prospective relationship between circulating plasma levels of MSP and prostate cancer risk in a nested case-control study of 1503 case subjects and 1503 control subjects among black, Latino, Japanese, Native Hawaiian, and white men from the Multiethnic Cohort study. We also examined the ability of MSP to serve as a biomarker for discriminating prostate cancer case subjects from control subjects. All statistical tests are two-sided.ResultsIn all racial and ethnic groups, men with lower MSP levels were at greater risk of developing prostate cancer (odds ratio = 1.02 per one unit decrease in MSP, P < .001 in the prostate-specific antigen [PSA]-adjusted analysis). Compared with men in the highest decile of MSP, the multivariable PSA-adjusted odds ratio was 3.64 (95% confidence interval = 2.41 to 5.49) for men in the lowest decile. The positive association with lower MSP levels was observed consistently across racial and ethnic populations, by disease stage and Gleason score, for men with both high and low levels of PSA and across all genotype classes of rs10993994. However, we did not detect strong evidence of MSP levels in improving prostate cancer prediction beyond that of PSA.ConclusionsRegardless of race and ethnicity or rs10993994 genotype, men with low blood levels of MSP have increased risk of prostate cancer.
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| 46. |
- Hansson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Real-Time Systems
- 2010
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is a textbook developed for use in the Master Programme Module E-M.6 "Real-Time Systems" as part of the Postgraduate Distance studies organized by Fraunhofer IESE and the Distance and International Studies Center at the Technical University of Kaiserslauten, Germany.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Hellisten, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ON CHANGE DETECTION BASED ON BAYES PROBABILITY THEOREM
- 2015
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Ingår i: 2015 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS). - : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781479979295 ; , s. 318-321
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we propose a new change detection (CD) algorithm based on the Bayes theorem and probability assignments. Differently from any kind of likelihood ratio test (LRT) algorithms, the proposed algorithm does not present target alarms, but the probability of certain image position is a target position. In other words, the proposed method leads to quantitative estimates on the probability of a target at any pixel, whereas LRT algorithms can only be used as a figure of merit for any pixel to contain a target.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Iazzi, Felice, et al.
(författare)
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Doubly strange system physics with antiprotons at PANDA
- 2014
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Ingår i: EPJ Web of Conferences. - : EDP Sciences. - 2100-014X. ; 71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study of the doubly strange hyper-systems represents a step forward in understanding the unexplored world of the strange matter in the frame of a better knowledge of the hyperon-nucleon and hyperon-nucleus interaction. The production of double hyper-systems, up to now, have been based on the use of kaon beams through a double strangeness exchange reaction. A new technique has been designed by the PANDA Collaboration, which will use the antiprotons at 3 GeV/c of the HESR facility at FAIR to create doubly strange hyperons and drive them into nuclear targets. This technique requires the use of 2 targets, located inside and outside the beam pipe. In spite of the constraints arising from the presence of a solid target inside an antiproton ring, the technique looks promising in terms of rate of hyperons and hyper-nuclei produced. After a review of the physics items that will be investigated in the hyper-nuclear section of PANDA experiment, the characteristics of the antiprotons facility, the results of the feasibility study of the 2-target technique, the design of the hyper-nuclear set-up in PANDA and the expected rates of the double hyper-nuclei will be presented.
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