| 1. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Family talk, peer talk, and young people’s civic orientation
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Journal of Communication. - : Sage Publications. - 0267-3231 .- 1460-3705. ; 28:3, s. 294-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focuses on interpersonal communication in the family and among peers in order to empirically examine the general idea that everyday civic talk might develop young people’s civic orientation. Two questions are addressed: (1) What is the significance of civic talk in relation to key dimensions of young people’s civic orientation? (2) What does civic talk in peer settings specifically contribute to young people’s civic orientation? The study is based on survey data from high school students and their parents (N = 1148). The findings offer clear support to the idea that civic talk in everyday contexts matters for young people’s development of political knowledge, democratic values and different forms of civic practices. Civic talk in peer settings contributes uniquely to all dimensions of youths’ civic orientation. Implications of the findings for political socialization research and theories of the democratic mechanisms of civic talk are discussed.
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| 2. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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A caring interview : Polar questions, epistemic stance and care in examinations of eligibility for social benefits
- 2019
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Ingår i: Discourse Studies. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 1461-4456 .- 1461-7080. ; 21:4, s. 375-397
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on conversation analysis, this study investigates central practices in what is defined as a caring interview, in the context of welfare administration. Caring refers to (1) a helpful interviewing in reformulations of questions, taking interviewees' difficulties to answer into consideration; (2) a caring attitude in the framing of questions, showing understanding of clients' circumstances and (3) professional's enactment of expertise in assessments of clients' disabilities and care needs. Data include a corpus of 43 recorded interviews in which officials at the Swedish Social Insurance Agency interview clients who have applied for benefits. The study adds to research on interactional sensitivity, polar questions and epistemic stance in institutional interaction. The study shows how the interviewer prioritizes confirming polar questions, takes responsibilities of knowing into account and reduces the epistemic gap to the interviewee in practices of a caring interview. This makes the interviewing markedly different from standardized and bureaucratic interviewing.
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| 3. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961-
(författare)
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Announced refusal to answer : a study of norms and accountability in broadcast political interviews
- 2009
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Ingår i: Discourse Studies. - London : Sage Publications. - 1461-4456 .- 1461-7080. ; 11:6, s. 681-702
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates the announced refusal to answer asa form of dispreferred and challenging response in broadcastpolitical interviews. The aim is to study how the rightnessand wrongness of conduct is dealt with in situations of announcedrefusal. More specifically, the paper focuses on: (1) announcedrefusal as a particular type of conduct; (2) the orientationto norms and accountability in situations of announced refusal;(3) how the legitimacy of politics and journalism is negotiatedin broadcast interviews. The data consist of 23 cases from Swedishelection campaigns, and the analysis is based on ConversationAnalysis, focusing on how the participants treat themselvesand others as normatively accountable. The study indicates thatthe politicians understand themselves as accountable and avoidhostile actions in the interviews. Their refusals are designedmainly to be understood as appropriate distancing actions withoutexplicitly complaining about the interviewers’ conduct.
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| 4. |
- Bruhn, Anders, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards a Multi-level Approach on Frontline Interactions in the Public Sector : Institutional Transformations and the Dynamics of Real-time Interactions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Social Policy & Administration. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0144-5596 .- 1467-9515. ; 51:1, s. 195-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study develops a multi-level approach on frontline interactions in the public sector. Previous research suggests that detailed analyses of frontline interactions are essential to our understanding of how welfare services take shape when policies and rules are applied and negotiated in individual cases. The dynamics and performances of real-time interactions have, however, rarely been analyzed as such. This study shows how the methods developed in the field of Conversation Analysis can contribute to this research. Our multi-level approach integrates analyses of the policy- and institutional transformations that shape conditions for frontline interactions; and analyses of how policies and rules are evoked, negotiated and reshaped in the turn-by-turn organization and performances of interaction. The approach is applied on an analysis of how rules regarding financial aid are applied in an authority highly affected by changes in welfare policy towards standardization and detailed regulations. The empirical case is the Swedish Board for Study Support. The empirical study includes analyses of documents, interviews and analyses of taped telephone conversations. The study shows how institutional arrangements of standardization, detailed regulations, monitoring and depersonalization, structure the frontline work and shape narrow frames for officials’ discretion in interactions with clients. The study also shows how rules are invoked and negotiated in recurrent practices in the interaction: in the careful design of decisions; in the investigations of alternatives and exceptions from the rules in order to find solutions to the client’s problems. The analyses of concrete interactional practices clearly indicate that also a rule-governed work dominated by task discretion involves recurrent negotiations, flexibility and local policy-making.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Policy failure or moral scandal? Political accountability, journalism and new public management
- 2013
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Ingår i: Media Culture and Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 0163-4437 .- 1460-3675. ; 35:8, s. 960-976
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Political accountability is fundamental in a democratic society. Societal changes such as the marketization of the public sector have, however, made accountability issues complex and negotiable. The question of who is to be held to account for policy failures is increasingly a subject of struggle within the media. The aim of this article is to examine how journalism does “accountability work” in a political setting marked by new public management. The empirical study focuses on an example of intensive news coverage of the mistreatment of elderly people in private health care, in Sweden, 2011. A corpus of 156 news items is analyzed. The analysis focuses on the use of accountability interviews, and how journalism constructs boundaries of political accountability by framing social problems. In general, the study shows that the political accountability work carried out was weak and restricted, the problems were constructed as a moral scandal instead of a policy failure.
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| 7. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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The Mediatization of Political Accountability - Politics, the news media logic and industrial crises in the 1980s and 2000s
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - 1461-670X. ; 15:3, s. 321-338
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates how political accountability, as a key democratic principle, is performed in the media and how the practices and representations of accountability are transformed over time by the influences of mediatization. The implications of mediatization are analyzed with a focus on how aspects of media dramaturgy and independent journalism influence news reporting of political responsibility and how politicians are held to account in the media. The effects of mediatization are understood as conditioned by other structural changes in political life, in particular depoliticization. The empirical study is designed as a comparison of news reports on two national industrial crises in 1980–1982 and 2008–2011, and is based on content analyses of daily morning newspapers, evening tabloids, and regional and local newspapers. The study provides evidence for a non-linear understanding of mediatization. Significant aspects of media dramaturgy are shown to be rather stable between the two time periods whilst the journalistic independence and interpretations increase as expected. The hypothesis of depoliticization receives some support although the results are not unambiguous.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961
(författare)
-
Authoritarianism in the discourse of online forums: A study of its articulations in the Swedish context
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nordicom Review. - 1403-1108. ; 44:2, s. 194-216
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The overall aim of this study is to explore the authoritarian dimension in the far-right discourse of online forums. The study argues for a focus on the articulations of authoritarianism to understand the dynamics of far-right discourse. Four central features of authoritarianism are identified and explored: 1) the authoritarian values underlying articulated opinions on diverse issues; 2) the emotional dimension of authoritarianism; 3) the coexistence of civil and uncivil articulations of authoritarianism; and 4) the role of mainstream news as reference for and trigger of authoritarian responses. The qualitative study is based on data from two Swedish forums, Flashback and Familjeliv [Family life], and consists of 79 threads related to three issues on the agenda: disorder in school, gang crime, and transgender. The results show expressions of authoritarian–liberal value conflicts, and, most significantly, the vigour of an authoritarian culture on the forums, with implications for the normalisation of far-right discourse.
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| 10. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Beyond the broadcast interview : specialized forms of interviewing in the making of television news
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Routledge. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 12:2, s. 172-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on a mixed-method approach, this article aims at exploring the specialized forms of interviewing that are used as resources in television broadcast news production. Interviews are analyzed as functionally specialized forms of interaction (cf. Heritage, 1985) with various functions in different phases of the news production. We assume that interviews are organized and carried out as communicative activities oriented towards specific tasks, identities and contexts of interaction. In contrast to established definitions of the archetypical on air news interview, we argue that broadcast interviewing is only partially produced for an “overhearing audience” (ibid.). Taking into account the entire process of producing and presenting news, journalism harbours a multitude of interviewing practices and activities which remain invisible if only the taped and transcribed broadcast talk is analyzed. Our study clearly indicates that news interviews contain more diversified and hybrid activities of communication than has been described in previous research.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Citizens Talking Politics in the News: Opinions, Attitudes and (Dis)Engagement
- 2017
-
Ingår i: The Mediated Politics of Europe: A Comparative Study of Discourse. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783319566283
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chapter 8 investigates how citizen’s voices are constructed and contextualized in news media across Europe. Interviews and vox pops are analyzed with respect to citizen roles, identities, attitudes, entitlement, epistemic status, and relationships to politicians. The vox pop constitutes a distinct format of news production although expanded into hybrid forms. It was frequent in the news in Sweden, France and UK and almost nonexistent in Greece and Italy. Citizens are typically represented in problematic relationships to politicians and are primarily used to illustrate categories of opinions, identities and attitudes. There is a tendency to trivialize citizens’ knowledge and engagement in politics. The few instances where citizens and politicians talk to each other confirm the rift between them. Some vox pops illustrate a shift from the voice of the concerned citizen to expressions of populist apathy and an implicitly patronising portrayal of political ignorance.
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| 13. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Conclusion: Tensions and Disruptions in Mediated Politics
- 2017
-
Ingår i: The Mediated Politics of Europe: A Comparative Study of Discourse. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783319566283
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the concluding chapter Ekstrom and Firmstone reflect on the findings of individual chapters to consider the overall consequences for the key questions explored by the study: 1. How are tensions and disruptions in European politics discursively constructed and negotiated in broadcast media across countries? 2. How is politics represented and communicated through different journalistic practices and media discourse; genres, styles and narratives of reporting, forms of interviewing etc? 3. How are citizens represented, talked about, talked to, and invited to participate with their own voices in the media? 4. What constitutes the mediated performances of mainstream and populist political leaders, and how do politicians meet the various challenges of political communication at the particular moment in time? 5. How are the relationships between journalists, politicians and citizens discursively constructed and negotiated in television news and current affairs across countries? The chapter concludes by presenting the benefits of the comparative approach to qualitative discourse analysis of political communication developed by the authors and suggesting directions for future research.
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| 14. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Conversation analysis and power: Examining the descendants and antecedents of social action
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Sociology. - 2297-7775. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conversation Analysis (CA) tends to adopt an ambivalent attitude to the concept of power. The concept is fundamental in sociology but secondary or even disregarded in CA. A closer look at research and the conceptual foundations of CA however demonstrate significant contributions to theories of power. In this paper we aim to demonstrate and discuss these contributions, however, also arguing for an expansion of the CA approach in dialogue with sociological theories to engage in the sociological analysis of power as an essential feature of social relationships and social organisation. Based on a general definition of power, as the transformative capacities of social agents in virtue of their social relationships, we discuss how power is interactionally achieved and negotiated, but also conditioned by social institutions and structures that extend beyond the contexts of situated encounters. The paper is divided into two main sections. The first section presents central contributions of CA in relation to the distinctions between power over and power to, authority as a legitimate form of power, and deontics as a key concept in the analysis of power. The second section critically considers the tendency in CA to localize power solely to actions in interaction, and to conflate structure and action, which constraints the analysis and explanations of power. We present examples of how analyses of power, grounded in CA, can be extended to account for the dynamics of social structures and realities beyond the interactional encounters.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Data-driven news work culture: Reconciling tensions in epistemic values and practices of news journalism
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journalism. - : SAGE Publications. - 1464-8849 .- 1741-3001. ; 23:4, s. 755-772
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the epistemological implications of the appropriation of audience analytics in a data-driven news culture. Focussing on two central aspects of epistemology, epistemic value and epistemic practices, we ask two overall questions (1) How are audience metrics balanced and reconciled in relation to other standards in the justification of news as valuable knowledge? How are different practices of research and presentation, truth-seeking and truth-telling, prioritized in a news organization marked as a data-driven news work culture? The study presents a case study of a Scandinavian legacy news publisher that has pursued the embracing of a data-driven news work culture. It is based on a qualitative multimethod approach. The findings show how metrics are used as a superior standard in deciding on the epistemic value of news. This is expressed in strategies, guidelines and discussions in the newsroom, and put into practice in coaching, evaluations and rewarding of the performance of individual journalists. In the everyday news production, metrics are reconciled in relation to independent standards in journalism, related to the claims of news journalism to provide relevant and verified public knowledge about current events. Moreover, the study shows how the embracement of metrics radicalizes the focus on presentation, packaging and timing in the optimization of news material and in the valuing of professional practices. Efforts in research and truth seeking are more seldom explicitly valued. The work of fulfilling reasonable truth claims is mainly taken for granted.
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| 17. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Enacting Journalistic Authority : The Communicative Challenges and Competences of Live Two-Way Correspondents in Swedish Public Service Broadcasting
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journalism Practice. - : Routledge. - 1751-2786 .- 1751-2794.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whenever a major event flares up in the world, we are bound to be met by correspondents reporting live on the news. The correspondents are typically promoted as authoritative voices. Their live talk is delivered in “the live two-way,” a broadcast interaction between the presenter and the correspondent on location. Focusing on live reporting during the Ukraine–Russia war (2022–), this study analyses the communicative work that goes on in the live two-way, and how correspondents handle the tasks related to the enactments of epistemic authority. A conceptual framework is applied defining the communicative and epistemic dimension of the live two-way. This study applies a discourse approach and focuses on experienced correspondents in Swedish public service. Data consists of 30 live two-ways and interviews with 5 of the journalists about planning and execution of the live reporting. Results show how practices and roles separated in other genres of news are integrated in the complex work of the correspondent who is expected to fluently report from location, convey a sense of being there, present facts, and analyse and explain. This study indicates different styles of reporting when correspondents alternate between a careful and confident stance as they balance their commitments to truth.
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| 18. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Epistemologies of digital journalism and the study of misinformation
- 2020
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Ingår i: New Media and Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 1461-4448 .- 1461-7315. ; 22:2, s. 205-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © The Author(s) 2019. Journalists’ epistemological activities—presumed to provide factual and reliable public information—have made journalism one of the most influential knowledge-producing institutions in society. However, changes—both slow and sudden—related to the digitization of news media and the diffusion of misinformation are challenging the social role and authority of journalism. This special issue advances research in two emerging sub-fields: (1) epistemologies of digital journalism and (2) the study of misinformation. This editorial presents an introduction to the sub-fields and a summary of the nine papers included in the special issue.
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| 19. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961
(författare)
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Gaze work in political media interviews
- 2012
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Ingår i: Discourse and Communication. - : SAGE Publications. - 1750-4813 .- 1750-4821. ; 6:3, s. 249-271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyses the orientation of gaze as a significant communicative resource in televised political interviews. The study explores how interviewees use their gaze, in coordination with talk, in receiving and answering adversarial questions. It is guided by conversation analysis (CA), Goffman’s work on gaze in interaction, and the approach on embodied actions developed primarily by Goodwin. Gaze is described as a flexible recipient and speaker resource available for stance-taking, the downgrading and upgrading of actions, and the claiming of the floor. The study is based on taped and transcribed data from two formats of election campaign interviews on Swedish television, including 350 question and response sequences.
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| 20. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Groundhog day: Extended Repetitions in Political News Interviews
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - 1461-670X. ; 15:1, s. 82-97
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we focus on the use of extended repetitions in political news interviews. Drawing on conversation analysis and discourse analysis we examine a corpus of examples where particular forms of repeated questions and/or answers appear within two main practices of political interviewing. We refer to these as the spectacular live interview and the non-live interview. Our analysis shows that the design of repetitions, which we describe as either “stripped” or “embedded”, differs significantly in these practices as they are oriented to differing political/media communication work. We argue that the use of repeated repetition highlights a locally organized powerful form of control of the interactional event with implications for the professional status of the parties involved.
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| 21. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Introduction: A Discourse Analytical Approach to Researching Mediated Political Communication
- 2017
-
Ingår i: The Mediated Politics of Europe: A Comparative Study of Discourse. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783319566283
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chapter 1 introduces the overall aim of the book and the theoretical and methodological approach. The approach on political communication is distinctive in three ways. First, we take a contextual approach, analysing political communication in relation to the tensions and disruptions shaping European politics at a particular moment in time. Second, the book focuses on the performative and discursive dimensions of political communication. An interdisciplinary discourse analytical approach is developed to analyse how the roles and relationships between citizens, politicians and journalists are performed and represented in the media. Finally, we develop a systematic qualitative comparative approach for cross-national analyses of political discourse. The contribution is discussed in relation to previous research on political communication and media coverage of European Elections. The countries included in the study (France, Greece, Italy, Sweden, UK) are introduced with respect to their historical relationship with the EU; the effects of the economic crisis; the development of Euroscepticism, and the electoral success of mainstream and populist parties.
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| 22. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Journalism and the scrutiny of local politics. A study of scrutiny and accountability in Swedish journalism
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - 1461-670X. ; 7:2, s. 292-311
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article presents a study on the role of daily news reporting in the scrutiny of local politics. Political accountability is defined as an important aspect of scrutiny. The study shows that the kind of scrutinizing often mentioned in the literature, characterized by thorough investigations and disclosures of political wrongdoings, nearly doesn’t exist at all in the local press. However, by identifying other forms of scrutinizing more closely related to ordinary news reporting, the study shows that one third of the articles are in some aspect scrutinizing, out of 1500 analysed articles. An overall conclusion is that the local press plays an important role in communicating information and critique concerning how local authority service areas works, and how political responsibilities are fulfilled. The study also indicates that this role has been strengthened during the second half of the 20th twentieth century. The press in three different municipalities has been studied at three different points of time (1961, 1981 and 2001).
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| 23. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961
(författare)
-
Medical authority and ordinary expertise: The changing forms of doctors' talk in Swedish public service television 1983-2013
- 2016
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Ingår i: Discourse, Context & Media. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-6958. ; 13:A, s. 20-28
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Expertise is frequently performed in the broadcast media. While academic expertise is typically promoted in expert news interviews (Montgomery, 2007), a questioning of expert authorities at the expense of lay discourses is a feature of several talk show formats (Livingstone and Lunt, 1994). This study analyses how doctor׳s expertise is performed in broadcast media, with a focus on "the in-house doctors". These are doctors who claim expertise as representatives of an academic profession and are affiliated as key actors (not occasional guests) in broadcast productions. More specifically, this study explores in-house doctors, and the changing forms of doctors׳ expertise performed in different genres of talk in three studio-based magazine programs from 1983 to 2014. The study shows a shift from the traditional medical authority performed in expert interviews and monologues of lecturing style (in the 1980s), to in-house expertise shaped by its orientation towards a communicative ethos and conversational qualities described in terms of the ordinariness of broadcast communication. The latter is mainly demonstrated in detailed analyses of the very successful show Ask the Doctor broadcast weekly since 2003 and with over one million viewers. In the show, the in-house doctor answers questions from viewers׳ letters. The analyses show how the doctor׳s performed expertise and epistemic status are reshaped in relation to: (1) the genres of talk used in the broadcast production; (2) the sense of inclusion in talk and gaze and use of personal forms of address, (3) the design of beneficial and responsible diagnoses and advice for the particular participant framework, (4) orientation toward both medical expertise, everyday experiences and lay knowledge.
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| 24. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Negotiating politicians' responsibilities in news interviews
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journalism Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1751-2786 .- 1751-2794. ; 10:8, s. 983-1004
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- News interviews are contexts in which political responsibilities are articulated and negotiated. Although the accountability interview is recognized as a commonsense practice in journalism, and the research on political interviews is substantial, it partly remains to explore how responsibilities are negotiated in different forms of questioning in journalism. This study investigates three generic forms of questioning: accountability questioning, the clarifying of promises, and the principal assessments. Key features of the different forms are specified. The empirical study investigates how the questionings are performed in news on industrial crises in Sweden, in the different political regimes in the 1970s and the 2000s. The data consist of 27 news interviews with the formally responsible Ministers. The method is based on Conversation Analysis and includes detailed analyses of questions and answers. The study shows (1) how the forms of questioning differ when it comes to the action agenda and in how responsibilities are invoked and negotiated; (2) how the questionings tend to reproduce particular expectations of Governmental interventions; (3) how increased assertiveness and adversarialness in interviewing coincide with reduced expectations of political responsibilities.
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| 25. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
News media and the politics of fear: Normalization and contrastive discourses in the reporting on terrorist attacks in Sweden and the UK
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Discourse & Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 0957-9265 .- 1460-3624. ; 33:6, s. 758-772
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides a comparative critical discourse analysis of news discourse on terrorism with respect to the coverage by two Swedish and two UK broadsheet newspapers of the terrorists attacks that took place in Stockholm and in London respectively in the year 2017. The research goal is to investigate the type of discourses mobilized that help enact a ‘politics of fear’, and to compare the constitutive elements of this rhetoric within the same, and across the two national contexts. The findings point to three major representations as points on a continuum of discourses that emphatically affirm, give rise to, but also resist and counteract, a politics of fear. The paper sheds light on processes of normalization at work in the routine discursive practices of press coverage, but also to the rise of counter-discourses that resist, downplay, or take a critical stance toward the core elements of a politics of fear. It is argued that these latter discursive practices may work in the opposite direction, namely to de-normalize or marginalize a dominant politics of fear.
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| 26. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961
(författare)
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Political Interviews
- 2015
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Ingår i: Tracy, Ilie and Sandel (eds) International Encyclopedia of Language and Social Interaction. - Boston : Wiley-Blackwell. - 9781118611104
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 27. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Political Interviews: Pushing the Boundaries of ‘Neutralism’
- 2017
-
Ingår i: The Mediated Politics of Europe: A Comparative Study of Discourse. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783319566283
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The chapter focuses on how the credibility of politicians and the professional norms of journalists are discursively negotiated in adversarial interviewing in election campaigns. The comparative analysis includes styles of interviewing in news and current affairs programs in UK, Sweden, France, Greece and Italy. Conversation Analysis is used to explore how journalists push the boundaries of impartiality in question formats, footings and sequences of questioning. Interviewing in which politicians’ credibility is seriously challenged occur in all countries. However significantly more aggressive and face-threatening questioning, than the typical accountability interviewing, occurs in three contexts: in forms of live interviewing performed by celebrity journalists; in specific program formats such as political talk shows; and in interviews with politicians whose views are positioned as deviant and outside the political mainstream.
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| 28. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961-
(författare)
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Power and affiliation in presidential press conferences : A study on interruptions, jokes and laughter
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Language and Politics. - Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1569-2159 .- 1569-9862. ; 8:3, s. 386-415
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presidential press conference is an enduring form for public interrogations. Interaction in this context regulates and symbolizes relations of power, autonomy and affiliation between the President and the journalists. A general argument is that we have to study sequences of interaction in order to understand the roles and relations established in press conferences. The article investigates interruptions, and jokes and laughter. The study is based on Conversation Analysis and the data encompasses 19 press conferences held by George W Bush from 2005-2007. The analysis shows how the President uses interruptions in order to control the allocation of turns, disagree and reject criticism, demonstrate certainty and conviction, and makes joke with the journalists. Sequences of jokes and laughter strengthen the interactive power of the President, create affiliations, and questioning the expected neutrality of journalism.
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| 29. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961
(författare)
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Press Conferences
- 2015
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Ingår i: Mazzoleni (ed) International Encyclopedia of Political Communication. - Malden : Wiley-Blackwell. - 9781118290750
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 30. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Press conferences
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Routledge handbook of Language and Politics. - : Routledge. - 9781138779167
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 31. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Reporting the unsayable: Scandalous talk by right-wing populist politicians and the challenge for journalism
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journalism. - : SAGE Publications. - 1464-8849 .- 1741-3001. ; 23:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper focuses on the moral work of journalism as displayed and enacted in the reporting practices used in news coverage of scandalous talk by right-wing populist (RWP) politicians. Using a qualitative discourse-analytic approach, we analyze a set of cases of journalistic framing of RWP talk recently circulating in Sweden, Greece, France and the UK, and examine ways in which anti-democratic or racist talk is represented within print, online and broadcast news media. We show how the complex dynamics of different kinds of discursive framing of scandalous talk construct boundaries between right and wrong which contribute to processes of normalising populist discourses and agendas. Moreover, we call attention to the challenge that this poses for contemporary journalism both within public service and commercial networks, as reporting on right-wing populism involves a balancing act between disparate constraints and exigencies of journalism.
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| 32. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Right-wing populism and the dynamics of style: a discourse-analytic perspective on mediated political performances
- 2018
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Ingår i: Palgrave Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-1045.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT This article offers new ways of conceptualising style in right wing populist communicative performances, by foregrounding a structured and conceptually informed use of “style” that moves beyond the descriptive sense routinely employed in political communication. Specifically, it explores how a discourse-analytic approach to mediated populist discourse can inform and advance the current understanding of populist ‘style’ by analysing some contextually produced linguistic and discursive choices in populist rhetorical repertoires —i.e., the communicative strategies that are deployed in mediated contexts for right-wing populist political communication. Taking three illustrative examples of right wing populist party performances on TV news and current affairs broadcasts in Greece (GD), France (FN) and the UK (UKIP), the speakers’ use of a range of rhetorical devices is examined using models from socio-linguistics and discourse analysis: aspects of register shifts by GD in blame attribution speeches, interactional ‘bad manners’ in a French political debate, and Nigel Farage speaking ‘candidly’ in three different contexts of news reporting from the UK. In taking such a qualitative approach, it is argued that populist style cannot be defined in terms of one single feature, or set of features, common to all right wing populists and transferrable from one socio-cultural context to another, but more usefully as a set of motivated choices among alternative semiotic resources (linguistic/discursive, interactional and visual), which have social and cultural resonance. This focus on micro-level features of mediated interaction thus offers a more fine-grained understanding of style than is currently the case, as it shows how right-wing populist politicians’ performative styles are situated within specific (here European) socio-cultural and political communicative contexts; in this study, this is to say, the various television broadcasts in which they occur.
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| 33. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Social media, porous boundaries, and the development of online political engagement among young citizens
- 2018
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Ingår i: New Media and Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 1461-4448 .- 1461-7315. ; 20:2, s. 740-759
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concepts such as “porous boundaries” and “low thresholds” appear frequently in the literature on online political engagement. Social media, it is argued, are characterized by less distinct boundaries between non-political and political activities, thereby lowering thresholds into political engagement. This argument is analyzed and empirically tested. Relying on a five-wave panel study among Swedish adolescents, we provide unique insights into the levels and development of political engagement in online political information, interaction, production, and collective action. In sum, the findings show that, for a majority, social interaction in social media coincides with engagement in political information and interaction, while few are engaged in production and collective action. Second, the study provides limited support to the idea that low thresholds in social media promote patterns of tune-in, tune-out political engagement over time. Finally, social interaction in social media has clear effects on online political engagement beyond political socialization and motivation factors.
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| 34. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Spaces for public orientation
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Networked Young Citizen: Social Media, Political Participation and Civic Engagement. - London : Routledge. - 9781138019997 ; , s. 39-60
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 35. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Spaces for public orientation? : Longitudinal effects of Internet use in adolescence
- 2014
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Ingår i: Information, Communication and Society. - 1369-118X .- 1468-4462. ; 17:2, s. 168-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article departs from an overarching research question: How does young people's engagement in different Internet spaces affect the development of their public orientation during adolescence? It analyses longitudinal panel data in order to explore how young people's public orientation develops during a phase in life (13-20) which is critical for political socialization. Data are derived from three waves of data collection among young people who were 13-17 years old at the time for the first data collection. The concept public orientation is measured by three indicators: young people's values, interests and everyday peer talk. These indicators are analysed with reference to respondents' Internet orientations, which we conceptualize as four separate but inter-related spaces (a news space, a space for social interaction, a game space and a creative space). The results primarily emphasize the importance of orientations towards news space and space for social interaction. Overall, the findings strongly suggest that orientations towards these spaces are related to adolescents' public orientation. The findings confirm the centrality of news and information in political socialization, but they also challenge the idea that social media facilities - such as Facebook, Twitter and blogging - enable forms of social interaction and creative production that have an overall positive impact on young people's public orientation.
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| 36. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Talk scandals: The power of mediated talk
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Routledge Companion to Media and Scandal. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 9780815387596
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 37. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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The Dislocation of News Journalism: A Conceptual Framework for the Study of Epistemologies of Digital Journalism
- 2019
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Ingår i: Media and Communication. - : Cogitatio. - 2183-2439. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article focuses on news journalism, social media platforms and power, and key implications for epistemology. The conceptual framework presented is intended to inspire and guide future studies relating to the emerging sub-field of journalism research that we refer to as “Epistemologies of Digital Journalism”. The article discusses the dependencies between news media and social media platforms (non-proprietary to the news media). The authority and democratic role of news journalism pivot on claims that it regularly provides accurate and verified public knowledge. However, how are the epistemic claims of news journalism and the practices of justifications affected by news journalism’s increased dependency on social media platforms? This is the overall question discussed in this article. It focuses on the intricate power dependencies between news media and social media platforms and proceeds to discuss implications for epistemology. It presents a three-fold approach differentiating between (1) articulated knowledge and truth claims, (2) justification in the journalism practices and (3) the acceptance/rejections of knowledge claims in audience activities. This approach facilitates a systematic analysis of how diverse aspects of epistemology interrelate with, and are sometimes conditioned by, the transformations of news and social media.
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| 38. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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The Epistemologies of Breaking News
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - 1461-670X. ; 22:2, s. 174-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study analyses the epistemologies of online breaking news,focusing on the distinctive epistemic practices and challenges in the production of continuous news updates and online live broadcast. The analytical framework identifies three central aspects of news epistemology: the articulation of knowledge claims; how journalists know what they claim to know; and the justification of knowledge claims. The study draws on data from ethnographic research at a Swedish online first. Participant observations and interviews were carried out during spring and summer 2018. The study shows differences in the epistemic claims of news updates and live broadcast, how commitments to facts are carefully balanced in the enactment of discursive resources, and how justification is related to the calculation of epistemic efforts. The implications of different temporalities in news production are analyzed. The study identifies three forms of epistemic dissonance that ultimately jeopardize the authority of news media as a provider of valuable public information
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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The normalization of the populist radical right in news interviews: a study of journalistic reporting on the Swedish democrats
- 2020
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Ingår i: Social Semiotics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1035-0330 .- 1470-1219. ; 30:4, s. 466-484
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Focusing on the salient case of news interviewing, this paper investigates the role of journalism in the normalization of radical right-wing politics and the discourses of nationalism and nativism. Normalization is related to transformations in the socio-political landscape, the discursive strategies of political actors, the professional norms of journalism, and the discursive positioning of political views in news reporting. Data include news interviews with the leaders of the Swedish right-wing populist party, the Swedish Democrats. A discourse- and conversation analytical approach is applied to analyze the discursive representations and positioning of political views in four different contexts of interviewing: routine news events, political scandals, live two-party interviews, and set piece interviews. The study shows an overall tendency to normalize and legitimize the political views and language of the radical right. Distinctive practices and mechanisms are identified. The study highlights the challenges of journalism, related to the normalizing implications of the restricted forms of impartiality applied in news journalism.
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| 41. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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The Performances of Right-Wing Populism: Populist Discourse‚ Embodied Styles and Forms of News Reporting
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Mediated Politics of Europe: A Comparative Study of Discourse. - : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783319566283
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 2014 European Parliament elections defined a key ‘moment in time’ in European politics, a moment in time marked principally by the rise of right-wing populist parties. This chapter analyses the mediated performances of populist leaders. Firstly, what constitutes the performances and the appeal to the people articulated in television news and current affairs across countries? Secondly, how has television news journalism responded to the challenges of reporting on an increasingly prominent political populism? The study shows general features of populist discourse, rhetorical strategies and claims of exclusively representing 'the people'. It also presents significant differences in the embodied styles of individual politicians and how the performed cultural identities of the populist politicians resonate myths and stereotypes in the specific national context. Finally, the comparative analyses demonstrate the ambivalence of a journalism exposing populist politicians for extraordinary critical interrogations and providing favourable environments for the performances of populism.
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| 42. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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The termination of complaints in calls to an authority for student support
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Pragmatics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-2166. ; 74, s. 132-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates how complaints are handled and terminated in calls to the government authority for student loans in Sweden. It is based on Conversation Analysis and compares complaints embedded in two contexts of the calls: (1) complaints about previous contacts with the authority, typically articulated in the beginning of the call, and (2) complaints in response to the decisions and solutions to the caller's requests offered by the call-taker. The shift towards a next activity constitutes the general orientation of call-takers’ handling of complaints. The design and positioning of different transitional devices are analyzed. The study confirms previous research indicating that the responding to complaints involves a delicate balancing of stance, and that affiliation is typically avoided or minimized in institutional contexts. Most important, the study shows how the collaborative termination of complaints is conditioned by the activities in which they are embedded and the participants’ different preferences for progressivity. Complaints in the first context are typically treated as a secondary issue in an orientation to the reason for call. In the second context, extended and up-graded complaints are marked by the callers’ refusals to accept complainable decisions and repeated rejections of call-takers’ shift initiatives.
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| 43. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Three tasks for mediatization research : contributions to an open agenda
- 2016
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Ingår i: Media Culture and Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 0163-4437 .- 1460-3675. ; 38:7, s. 1090-1108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on the interdisciplinary experience of a Swedish research committee, this article discusses critical conceptual issues raised by the current debate on mediatization - a concept that holds great potential to constitute a space for synthesized understandings of media-related social transformations. In contrast to other, more metaphorical constructions, mediatization can be studied empirically in systematic ways through various sub-processes that together provide a complex picture of how culture and everyday life evolve in times of media saturation. The first part of this article argues that mediatization researchers have sometimes formulated too grand claims as to mediatization's status as a unitary approach, a meta-theory or a paradigm. Such claims have led to problematic confusions around the concept and should be abandoned in favour of a more open agenda. In line with such a call for openness, the second part of the article introduces historicity, specificity and measurability as three transdisciplinary and transparadigmatic tasks for the contemporary mediatization research agenda.
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| 44. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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'Welcome to participate': Host activities and caller's position in Swedish election campaign phone-ins in the 1970s and 2000s
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journalism - Theory, Practice & Criticism. - : SAGE Publications. - 1464-8849 .- 1741-3001. ; 16:5, s. 654-671
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a study of Swedish election campaign phone-ins from 1970 and from the last decade (2002-2010), with a focus on how different organizations of the interaction, and the activities of the journalist/host, influence the position and power of the caller. Based on Conversation Analysis, two distinct parts of the conversations are explored: the openings of the call and the third turns following a politician's answer to a caller's question. The study shows that the power of the caller has decreased in recent election campaigns and this is related to changes in the mediation work by the host. Although the idea of the programs is to support citizen participation, the journalist activities tend to make it hard for the caller to establish a direct dialogue with the politician. The study contributes to previous research on callers' positions in phone-ins, as well as the general debate about the journalistic efforts to involve citizens in various forms of broadcast communication.
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| 45. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961
(författare)
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Young people's everyday political talk: A social achievement of democratic engagement
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Youth Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1367-6261 .- 1469-9680. ; 19:1, s. 1-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Everyday political talk is an important democratic activity. Research on young people has focused on the role of talk in political socialization. The overall question in this study is: What encourages or impedes young people to participate in everyday political talk? Politics has been described as a potentially unsafe topic. The study investigates young people's own experiences of conversations in families, peer groups, and social media. The study applies a social interactional approach and understands political talk as a social achievement, related to norms and the management of self-identities. It is based on a multimethod approach comprising individual interviews, group interviews, and diaries. The group consists of 23 high school students (aged 17-18). The results show that the engagement in political talk is sensitive to the social settings. Norms make political topics expected or best to avoid. The family and peer groups are potentially important context for friendly talk, argumentations, exploration of opinions, and identities. The participants are in general more reluctant to express opinions in social media. The fear of face-threatening responses is one important aspect. The study suggests that political talk is an activity in which young people express, reveal, and carefully manage political self-identities.
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| 46. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Young people’s experiences of political membership: from political parties to Facebook groups
- 2019
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Ingår i: Information, Communication and Society. - 1369-118X .- 1468-4462. ; 22:2, s. 155-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group In contemporary democracies, citizens’ political memberships are undergoing significant changes. Particularly young people are described as being less interested in long-term commitments in conventional political collectives, instead preferring to engage in cause-oriented activism in loosely organised groups, often sustained by online media. However, behind these general trends, there is a diversity of collective activities, where people are typically part of several ones. The shifting forms of memberships have rarely been investigated as such from the perspective of young citizens. Using a qualitative multi-method approach, this article investigates how young people with an interest in civic and political issues experience and reflect upon their involvements in various collectives. The analysis focuses on two aspects: the explorations that characterise the participants’ political memberships, and the meanings and motives of joining political collectives. On the whole, the participants’ involvement can be described as shifting and tentative. This can be related to the idea of adolescence as a formative period of life, where explorations of memberships constitute important processes in young people’s development of values, beliefs and identities. As for meanings and motives, three themes were found to be central: perceived efficacy, self-identity and peer relationships. The study suggests that political membership is multidimensional and usefully analysed as a process rather than a dichotomous category. As such, it involves explorations and changes over time. The study highlights the reflexive dimensions of membership, where affiliations to collectives is something that youth try out, work on, account for and reconsider in relation to their self-identities.
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| 47. |
- Eriksson, Göran, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Press Conferences
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Routledge handbook of language and politics. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 9781138779167
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 48. |
- Jacobsson, Diana, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Dismantling discourses: compassion, coping and consumption in journalistic representations of the working class
- 2016
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Ingår i: Critical Discourse Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1740-5904 .- 1740-5912. ; 13:4, s. 379-396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to investigate empirically how workers and other ordinary citizens are represented in the news during crises in the Swedish labor market in two different political contexts: the textile industry crisis in the 1970s and the automobile industry crisis in the 2010s. The study suggests that journalism constructs dismantling discourses by focusing on the three main themes of compassion, coping, and consumption in the representation of the working class. The news discourses close down rather than open up possibilities of agency for the workers as hoping, coping, and shopping seem to be the only alternatives available for them in times of crisis. Based on this empirical study, we seek to highlight the relationship between the news discourse, power, and ideology. We also put forward the question of whether journalism could do their construction of crisis differently. We claim that journalism and journalism studies need a discussion about what are the possible perspectives and the dead discourses when journalism constructs a story.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Krzyzanowski, Michal, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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The normalization of far-right populism and nativist authoritarianism: discursive practices in media, journalism and the wider public sphere/s
- 2022
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Ingår i: Discourse & Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 0957-9265 .- 1460-3624. ; 33:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article postulates broadening as well as deepening the agenda for critical research on the role of discursive practices in media, journalism and the wider public sphere/s in normalization of far-right populism and nativist authoritarianism. Our argument is that, on the rise since the early 2000s and especially from the 2010s onwards, authoritarian and nativist populism has posed some very significant challenges to contemporary media and journalism. This has made necessary the calls for in-depth, critical discussions about the norms and practices of journalism as well as for the systematic analyses of the sometimes obviously active role that news and opinion discourse have played in normalizing the nativist as well as radically-nationalist and authoritarian status quo. Through a set of empirically-based studies which outline how media carry as well as normalize far-right political and other discourse and ideology, but also how they become the tool and the target of far-right politics, we show that the entanglement between far-right ideas and actions on the one hand, and media and journalism on the other, has become ever stronger as well as ever more complex. At the same time, we also point to the practices in the wider public spheres where, inter alia, the pervasive presence of alternative far-right media and uncivil society and its news sources has posed wider and indeed numerous challenges. These have become evident in the ongoing radicalization of both online/offline media and journalism and of wider public opinion and imagination wherein the normalization of undermining of values and norms of liberal democracy has become increasingly prevalent and widespread.
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