| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Brænne, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
-
Dynamic changes in immune gene co-expression networks predict development of type 1 diabetes
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 11, s. 1-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Significant progress has been made in elucidating genetic risk factors influencing Type 1 diabetes (T1D); however, features other than genetic variants that initiate and/or accelerate islet autoimmunity that lead to the development of clinical T1D remain largely unknown. We hypothesized that genetic and environmental risk factors can both contribute to T1D through dynamic alterations of molecular interactions in physiologic networks. To test this hypothesis, we utilized longitudinal blood transcriptomic profiles in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study to generate gene co-expression networks. In network modules that contain immune response genes associated with T1D, we observed highly dynamic differences in module connectivity in the 600 days (~ 2 years) preceding clinical diagnosis of T1D. Our results suggest that gene co-expression is highly plastic and that connectivity differences in T1D-associated immune system genes influence the timing and development of clinical disease.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ceciliason, Ann-Sofie, 1971-
(författare)
-
Forensic taphonomy in an indoor setting : Implications for estimation of the post-mortem interval
- 2020
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis was to determine if and how taphonomic data can be used to expand our knowledge concerning the decompositional process in an indoor setting, as well as adapting scoring-based methods for quantification of human decomposition, to increase the precision of post-mortem interval (PMI) estimates.In the first paper, the established methods of Total Body Score (TBS) and Accumulated Degree-Days (ADD) were investigated in an indoor setting, with results indicating a fairly low precision. The PMI was often underestimated in cases with desiccation and overestimated in cases with presence of insect activity. This suggests that the TBS method needs to be slightly modified to better reflect the indoor decompositional process.In the second paper, a novel method for PMI estimation was developed using histological assessment of decompositional changes in the human liver. The scoring-based method created, the Hepatic Decomposition Score, was a statistically robust way to quantify the degree of decomposition, with the potential to improve the precision of PMI estimates.In the third paper, the indoor decomposition process was further investigated regarding microbial neoformation of volatiles in relation to the degree of decomposition and the PMI. A higher decomposition degree was observed in cases with neoformation (i.e., presence of N-propanol and/or 1-butanol in femoral vein blood) than in cases without signs of neoformation. Microbial neoformation may be an indicator of decomposition rate, which may make it possible to improve the precision of PMI estimates based on the TBS/ADD method.In the fourth paper, a novel constructed Bayesian framework allowed a qualified estimate of PMI based on observed taphonomic findings. This framework provided a unique possibility to report results, express the uncertainties in assumptions and calculations, as well as to evaluate competing hypotheses regarding PMI periods or time of death.Taken as a whole, the results indicate that using taphonomic data derived from an indoor setting could improve scoring-based methods, as well as highlighting benefits of incorporating such data into a Bayesian framework for interpretational purposes and for reporting PMI estimates.
|
|
| 4. |
- Ceciliason, Ann-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
-
Quantifying human decomposition in an indoor setting and implications for postmortem interval estimation
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Forensic Science International. - : Elsevier. - 0379-0738 .- 1872-6283. ; 283, s. 180-189
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study's objective is to obtain accuracy and precision in estimating the postmortem interval (PMI) for decomposing human remains discovered in indoor settings. Data were collected prospectively from 140 forensic cases with a known date of death, scored according to the Total Body Score (TBS) scale at the post-mortem examination. In our model setting, it is estimated that, in cases with or without the presence of blowfly larvae, approximately 45% or 66% respectively, of the variance in TBS can be derived from Accumulated Degree-Days (ADD). The precision in estimating ADD/PMI from TBS is, in our setting, moderate to low. However, dividing the cases into defined subgroups suggests the possibility to increase the precision of the model. Our findings also suggest a significant seasonal difference with concomitant influence on TBS in the complete data set, possibly initiated by the presence of insect activity mainly during summer. PMI may be underestimated in cases with presence of desiccation. Likewise, there is a need for evaluating the effect of insect activity, to avoid overestimating the PMI. Our data sample indicates that the scoring method might need to be slightly modified to better reflect indoor decomposition, especially in cases with insect infestations or/and extensive desiccation. When applying TBS in an indoor setting, the model requires distinct inclusion criteria and a defined population.
|
|
| 5. |
- Conte, Helen, et al.
(författare)
-
Facilitating interprofessional learning: experiences of using a digital activity for training handover of critically ill patients between a primary health care centre and ambulance services : A qualitative study
- 2024
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 14:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To explore students' and facilitators' experiences of using a developed digital activity for interprofessional learning (IPL) focusing on critically ill patient handovers from a primary healthcare (PHC) centre to the ambulance service.DESIGN: A qualitative study design was employed, and the reporting of this study adheres to the Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative research guidelines for qualitative studies.SETTING: A PHC centre and the ambulance service in Stockholm, Sweden.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 31 participants were included in the study: 22 students from five different healthcare professions, seven facilitators and two observers.INTERVENTION: A digital IPL activity was developed to overcome geographical distances, and the scenario included the handover of a critically ill patient from personnel within the PHC centre to the ambulance service personnel for transport to an emergency department. Four digital IPL activities were conducted in 2021.RESULTS: The digital IPL activity eliminated the issue of geographical distance for students and facilitators, and it enabled the students to find an interprofessional model for collaboration through reasoning, by communicating and sharing knowledge with the support of a common structure. Participants perceived the digital IPL activity and scenario as authentic, feasible and facilitated IPL. Using a case with an acute and life-threatening condition was a success factor for students to experience high realism in their IPL on patient safety, handover, care and treatment.CONCLUSION: The developed digital IPL activity facilitated the students' IPL and demonstrated potential sustainability as the digital approach supported overcoming geographical distances for both students and facilitators. By using a scenario involving an authentic case focusing on handovers of a critically ill patient, IPL, feasibility and acceptability were supported. However, it is crucial to emphasise that a comprehensive evaluation, both quantitative and qualitative, over an extended period of clinical rotations and involving a larger group of students is still warranted to ensure continuous improvement and development.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Erlström, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
-
Stratigraphy and geothermal assessment of Mesozoic sandstone reservoirs in the Öresund Basin - exemplified by well data and seismic profiles
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark. - 0011-6297. ; 66, s. 123-149
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Øresund Basin in the transnational area between Sweden and Denmark forms a marginal part of the Danish Basin. The structural outline and stratigraphy of the Mesozoic succession is described, and a novel interpretation and description of the subsurface geology and geothermal potential in the North Sjælland Half-graben is presented. The subsurface bedrock in the basin includes several Mesozoic intervals with potential geothermal sandstone reservoirs. Parts of the succession fulfill specific geological requirements about distribution, composition and quality of the sandstones. A characterisation of these is presently of great interest in the attempt to identify geothermal reservoirs suitable for district heating purposes. The results presented in this paper include for the first time a comprehensive description of the stratigraphic intervals as well as the characteristics of the potential Mesozoic geothermal reservoirs in the Øresund region, including their distribution, composition and physical properties. This is illustrated by seismic cross-sections and well sections. In addition, results from analyses and evaluations of porosity, permeability, formation fluids and temperature are presented. Six potential geothermal reservoirs in the Mesozoic succession are described and assessed. Primary focus is placed on the characteristics of the reservoirs in the Lower Triassic and Rhaetian–Lower Jurassic succession. The study shows that the Mesozoic reservoir sandstones vary considerably with respect to porosity and permeability. Values range between 5–25% for the pre-Rhaetian Triassic sandstones, but are commonly > 25% for the Rhaetian–Lower Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sandstones. The corresponding permeability rarely reaches above 500 mD for the pre-Rhaetian Triassic reservoirs, but often reach >1 Darcy for the Rhaetian–Lower Jurassic and the Lower Cretaceous sandstones. The interpreted formation temperatures for the reservoirs in the Øresund Basin are: 45–50°C at 1500 m, 60–70°C at 2000 m and 70–90°C at 2500 m depth . The combined results provide a geological framework for making site specific predictions regarding appraisal of viable geothermal projects for district heating purposes in the region as well as reducing the risk of unsuccessful wells
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Guy-Ohlson, Dorothy, et al.
(författare)
-
Paleoecology of the Early Permian strata at heimefrontfjella, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica
- 1994
-
Ingår i: Antarctic Science. - 1365-2079. ; 6:4, s. 507-515
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Palaeopalynological studies form an integral part of the geological investigation of the Late Paleozoic sedimentary history of Dronning Maud Land. During the examination of organic residues prepared from different localities at Heimefrontfjella, the freshwater green alga Botryococcus was found. Exceptionally well-preserved colonies of Botryococcus were recorded in several samples at two sections of Early Permian age, Lidkvarvet and Locality A, These colonies vary in form and stage of development. By analogy with observations on recent material the following palaeoecological conclusions are drawn: 1)varying environmental and climatic conditions over a length of time existed at Lidkvarvet, and 2) very short ephemeral aquatic conditions existed intermittently at Locality A.
|
|
| 10. |
- He, Wei, et al.
(författare)
-
Cause-specific mortality in women with breast cancer in situ
- 2016
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The long-term mortality remains unknown in women diagnosed with breast cancer in situ (BCIS). Here, we assessed the cause-specific mortality in BCIS patients. This population-based cohort study included 12,243 women diagnosed with BCIS in Sweden between 1980 and 2011. Patients were followed until death, emigration, or 31 December 2013, whichever came first. The 30-year cumulative incidence of breast cancer-specific mortality was 6.3%, which is considerably lower than 49.7% observed for other-cause mortality. Women diagnosed with BCIS were more likely to die from breast cancer (standardized mortality ratio [SMR], 3.85; 95% CI, 3.47-4.27) but less likely to die from cardiovascular disease (SMR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82-0.95) than women in the general population. Specifically, the SMRs for breast cancer-specific mortality decreased over time from 5.19 (95% CI, 3.95-6.81) among BCIS diagnosed during 1980-1989 to 3.03 (95% CI, 2.35-3.91) among those diagnosed during 2000-2011. Furthermore, higher risk of death from other causes was seen among those with older age at BCIS diagnosis, lower levels of education, nulliparity, higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, and being hospitalized before BCIS diagnosis; whereas, lower risk of death from breast cancer was seen among BCIS diagnosed in the later time period and those with younger age at first birth. We conclude that most women diagnosed with BCIS die from causes other than breast cancer, which highlights the need for actions not only to reduce nonbreast cancer mortality but also to identify patient where extensive curative BCIS treatment is not adding to survival.
|
|
