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- Álvarez, E., et al.
(författare)
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Developed technologies for damage simulation in ultrathin composite reinforcements and novel material with outstanding impact performance
- 2016
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Ingår i: International SAMPE Technical Conference. - : Soc. for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering. - 9781934551233
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Damage assessments in the aerospace industry are for composites more demanding than they were before for traditional materials. The simulation of impact damage and damage growth has become increasingly important where testing of manufactured parts could be highly expensive, and reliable models are therefore essential for those materials that shall be used in this industry. Following the vested interest in Spread Tow reinforcements and its ultra-thin plies due to outstanding performance (among them the market leading TeXtreme®), the European Air TN project DAMTEX has aimed to develop analytical and FE models to predict the impact damage and damage propagation in thin woven composites. Extensive testing has been performed to feed and validate the material models through the characterization of fiber failure, delamination and residual strengths after an impact event in a drop tower test. As a result of the better understanding of these novel materials, a new Spread Tow reinforcement with improved damage performance has been developed. The interlaminar toughness, limited damage and excellent CAI results observed in this new material have outperformed those in currently used carbon fiber reinforcements. TeXtreme® will present the results from the DAMTEX project with regard to the acquired knowledge and developed technologies and materials.
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| 3. |
- Kobusinge, Grace, et al.
(författare)
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The (missing?) role of health information systems (HIS) in patient care coordination and continuity (PCCC): The case of Uganda
- 2019
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, LNICST. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1867-8211.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Uganda, patients receive care from different health facilities. However, most facilities struggle to exchange patient information across boundaries because their health information systems (HIS) operate in silos. Yet to meet the needs of a patient who receives care from different health facilities the participating facilities ought to collaborate, share and exchange patient information in order to enhance patient care coordination and continuity (PCCC) across the continuum of care. Using qualitative interviews we examine five HIS to investigate the problematic issues that could be raised during HIS active involvement in PCCC across the continuum of care. Results highly indicate that the existing HIS in the country do not enhance PCCC, and below are some of the challenges realized: interoperability objective not given priority during system design, HIS operating in silos, lack of a national standard for the patient record, health facilities exercising ownership of the data and other non-technical challenges. The main implication of these findings is that focusing on the interoperability objective as a design requirement during HIS implementation would potentially repress all other challenges and revive the active role of HIS involvement in PCCC.
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| 6. |
- Alvarez, Eliana, et al.
(författare)
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Styrmedel för att förbättra arbetsmiljö. Fallstudie: insamling av hushållsavfall. Instruments for control of the working environment. Case study: Collection of household waste
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vilka styrmedel kan användas och är effektiva för att förbättra arbetsmiljön? Det är en intressant och samtidigt mycket komplex fråga som det forskats relativt lite om. Traditionella styrmedel för arbetsmiljön är lagstiftning och regelverk i form av Arbetsmiljölagen och Arbetsmiljöverkets föreskrifter. Dessa bygger på förutsättningen att arbetsgivare och anställda ska samverka för att tillsammans förbättra arbetsmiljön och följa de regler som finns. Vissa undantag finns dock, främst när det gäller byggnadsarbetsplatser där arbetsmiljöansvar lagts också på byggherrar och arkitekter även om dessa inte är arbetsgivare/anställda. Särskilt intressant att studera är om och hur arbetsmiljön styrs när förutsättningarna för arbetsmiljön påverkas av andra aktörer än arbetsgivare och anställda. Ett sådant exempel är insamling av hushållsavfall. I många kommuner har insamling av hushållsavfall lagts ut på entreprenad. Entreprenören (arbetsgivaren) har ingen eller begränsad möjlighet att påverka några av de faktorer som har stor betydelse för arbetsmiljön, till exempel hämtställets utformning och valet av insamlingssystem. Störst möjlighet att påverka förutsättningarna för arbetsmiljön har kommunen. Rapporten beskriver hur renhållningsarbetares arbetsmiljö styrs av kommuner, fastighetsägare och entreprenörer samt hur dessa uppfattar sitt arbetsmiljöansvar. Rapporten beskriver också hur befintliga styrmedel skulle kunna användas för att förbättra renhållningsarbetares arbetsmiljö. Parallellt med arbetet med denna rapport har en webbplats utvecklats, Hämta avfall.nu, www.hamtaavfall.nu. Där finns information om arbetsmiljö samt råd till olika aktörer om hur de kan arbeta med frågor om insamling av hushållsavfall inklusive hur olika styrmedel kan användas.
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| 7. |
- Kobusinge, Grace
(författare)
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Health Information Systems Interoperability: Towards a Managing as Designing Approach
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Integrated digital healthcare systems promise improved quality public healthcare and patient continued care among others. However, these have been hampered by various challenges including limited data exchanges between health information systems (HIS) and inadequate collaboration among healthcare centers and healthcare professionals. The devastating healthcare interoperability state has been made evident by the COVID-19 global pandemic data sharing challenges. Nonetheless, such challenges can be overcome through collaborative digital healthcare initiatives that aim at integrating digital healthcare systems. Hitherto, a number of HIS are designed with no collective vision of sharing and exchanging information, and again, there is limited knowledge about the HIS interoperability implementation process. To enhance HIS interoperability implementation, previous scholars have reiterated the salience of context and managerial capabilities in the design process. Against this backdrop, the overall purpose of the thesis is to elucidate how health information systems (HIS) interoperability implementation can be enhanced through contextual understanding and managing as designing (MaD) perspectives. Using an interpretive case study approach, two cases of HIS implementation have been studied, one in Sweden and the other in Uganda. The empirical investigation shows that the combined perspectives contribute to our understanding of HIS interoperability implementation, through the proposed MaD approach to IS interoperability implementation. In addition, the contextual understanding perspective led to the discovery of four critical factors and two guiding principles. The critical factors include having a collective interoperability design goal, managing the interoperability implementation process, analysing the context of interaction and determining an appropriate interoperability principle. The discovered two principles; include the minimum requirements principle and the informatics focus vs technology focus principle, these can guide implementers to delineate a context appropriate interoperability solution. The theoretical contribution consists of a new stance on how HIS interoperability implementation can be enhanced through embracing a MaD perspective. Thus, the proposed approach emphasizes a design attitude that supports implementers to take into consideration the context of interaction; which includes information systems as well as actors working together. The approach seeks to motivate healthcare managers to collaborate with HIS designers to improve healthcare interoperability. Again, through the design attitude implementers can analyse the context of interaction and appropriate an interoperability solution during moments of sense-making and decision-making. The proposal of a design attitude is intended to inspire implementers into a more reflective problem-solving attitude as opposed to relying on a rational decision-making model. Taken together, the thesis contributes knowledge on how IS interoperability implementation can be enhanced through contextual understanding and managing as designing perspectives not only in healthcare but also in similar complex contexts.
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| 8. |
- Loyen, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Sedentary Time and Physical Activity Surveillance Through Accelerometer Pooling in Four European Countries
- 2017
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Ingår i: Sports Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0112-1642 .- 1179-2035. ; 47:7, s. 1421-1435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The objective of this study was to pool, harmonise and re-analyse national accelerometer data from adults in four European countries in order to describe population levels of sedentary time and physical inactivity. Methods: Five cross-sectional studies were included from England, Portugal, Norway and Sweden. ActiGraph accelerometer count data were centrally processed using the same algorithms. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to study the associations of sedentary time and physical inactivity with sex, age, weight status and educational level, in both the pooled sample and the separate study samples. Results: Data from 9509 participants were used. On average, participants were sedentary for 530 min/day, and accumulated 36 min/day of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity. Twenty-three percent accumulated more than 10 h of sedentary time/day, and 72% did not meet the physical activity recommendations. Nine percent of all participants were classified as high sedentary and low active. Participants from Norway showed the highest levels of sedentary time, while participants from England were the least physically active. Age and weight status were positively associated with sedentary time and not meeting the physical activity recommendations. Men and higher-educated people were more likely to be highly sedentary, while women and lower-educated people were more likely to be inactive. Conclusions: We found high levels of sedentary time and physical inactivity in four European countries. Older people and obese people were most likely to display these behaviours and thus deserve special attention in interventions and policy planning. In order to monitor these behaviours, accelerometer-based cross-European surveillance is recommended.
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| 9. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - : Springer. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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