Molecular Studies of Irradiation and SN-38 on Colorectal Cancer

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Wallin, Åsa,1976-Linköpings universitet,Onkologi,Hälsouniversitetet (author)

Molecular Studies of Irradiation and SN-38 on Colorectal Cancer

BookEnglish2008

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

Linköping :Linköping University Electronic Press,2008
60 s.
electronicrdacarrier

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:liu-14789
ISBN:9789173938389
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-14789URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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SwePubSwePub

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Subject category:vet swepub-contenttype
Subject category:dok swepub-publicationtype

Series

Linköping University Medical Dissertations,0345-0082 ;1070

Notes

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of most common cancer diseases worldwide. In Swedenapproximately 5,000 new cases of CRC are generated each year, which makes it the thirdmost common cancer disease among both men and women. The past decades ofimproved treatment strategies have considerably increased the five-year survival for CRCpatients. However more could be achieved in this area, in particular for metastatic CRC,which is the cause of most CRC-related deaths. Therefore it is important to study thebiological response to certain treatments induced in CRC to find valuable predictiveand/or prognostic factors to select patients for better suited treatments.The aim of this thesis was to gain insight into the molecular changes that occurfollowing irradiation or treatment with SN-38 in rectal cancer patients or colon cancercell lines by studying the RNA expression, protein expression, DNA cell cycledistribution and apoptotic response. The expression of phosphatase of regenerating liver(PRL) proteins was investigated in rectal cancers from 125 patients included in arandomized clinical trial of preoperative radiotherapy (RT). Increased expression of PRLswas seen at the invasive margin of primary and metastatic cancers compared with theinner area of the tumors. Moreover, strong PRL staining at the invasive margin correlatedto distant recurrence and worse survival of patients in the RT group but not in non-RTgroup (Paper I). Radiosensitivity was studied by treating KM12C, KM12SM andKM12L4a colon cancer cell lines with radiation. KM12C is of low metastatic naturecompared with the highly metastatic KM12SM and KM12L4a. Upregulation of ΔNp73and PRL-3 might contribute to the radioresistant phenotype in KM12C. In contrast,KM12L4a shows a high frequency of apoptosis and lack of upregulation of ΔNp73, PRL-3 and survivin, which might explain its radiosensitive phenotype (Paper II). KM12C,KM12SM and KM12L4a were treated with SN-38 which inhibits topoisomerase 1 (topo-1). The results show that SN-38 induces G2/S arrest and possess the capacity to triggerapoptosis in the three cell lines (Paper III). To further elucidate SN-38 effect on these celllines, the gene expression profile following SN-38 treatment was studied. Oligonucleotidearrays consisting of ~27,000 spots were hybridized with sample and reference cDNA.Both unsupervised and supervised hierarchical clustering analysis, and functional analysiswere performed. Supervised hierarchical clustering gives a strong signal of 1453discriminated genes, the vast majority being upregulated. Both upregulated anddownregulated genes point toward a favorable impact of SN-38 regarding the apoptoticpathways. For example RhoB and Bax are upregulated together with downregulation ofKras and survivin, which promotes apoptosis (Paper IV).In conclusion, PRLs may be valuable biomarkers for RT resistance, predicting apoor prognosis in rectal cancer patients. Targeting radio-resistance factors, such asΔNp73 and survivin may contribute to an increased sensitivity to RT. SN-38 affects cellproliferation and apoptosis.

Subject headings and genre

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Cancer och onkologi hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Cancer and Oncology hsv//eng
Colorectal cancer (CRC)
molecular changes
SN-38
Oncology
Onkologi

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Sun, Xiao-Feng,ProfessorÖstergötlands Läns Landsting,Linköpings universitet,Onkologi,Hälsouniversitetet,Onkologiska kliniken US(Swepub:liu)xiasu45 (thesis advisor)
Svanvik, Joar,ProfessorÖstergötlands Läns Landsting,Linköpings universitet,Kirurgi,Hälsouniversitetet,Kirurgiska kliniken i Östergötland med verksamhet i Linköping, Norrköping och Motala(Swepub:liu)joasv32 (thesis advisor)
Naredi, Peter,ProfessorInstitutionen för kirurgisk och perioperativ vetenskap, Umeå universitet, Umeå, Sverige (opponent)
Linköpings universitetOnkologi (creator_code:org_t)

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