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| Fältnamn | Indikatorer | Metadata |
|---|---|---|
| 000 | 08511naa a2201705 4500 | |
| 001 | oai:DiVA.org:lnu-51518 | |
| 003 | SwePub | |
| 008 | 160329s2016 | |||||||||||000 ||eng| | |
| 009 | oai:research.chalmers.se:fdd5263a-0858-4f2b-ab6e-1a561c33cffd | |
| 024 | 7 | a https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-515182 URI |
| 024 | 7 | a https://doi.org/10.1038/nature169762 DOI |
| 024 | 7 | a https://research.chalmers.se/publication/2336372 URI |
| 040 | a (SwePub)lnud (SwePub)cth | |
| 041 | a engb eng | |
| 042 | 9 SwePub | |
| 072 | 7 | a ref2 swepub-contenttype |
| 072 | 7 | a art2 swepub-publicationtype |
| 100 | 1 | a Buitink, S.u Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium ; Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands4 aut |
| 245 | 1 0 | a A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 1017–1017.5 electronvolts from radio observations |
| 264 | c 2016-03-02 | |
| 264 | 1 | b Springer Science and Business Media LLC,c 2016 |
| 338 | a print2 rdacarrier | |
| 500 | a Corrigendum: Buitink et al. (2016) A large light-mass component of cosmic rays at 1017–1017.5 electronvolts from radio observations. Nature, 537: 572.DOI: 10.1038/nature18936 | |
| 520 | a Cosmic rays are the highest-energy particles found in nature. Measurements of the mass composition of cosmic rays with energies of 1017–1018 electronvolts are essential to understanding whether they have galactic or extragalactic sources. It has also been proposed that the astrophysical neutrino signal1 comes from accelerators capable of producing cosmic rays of these energies2. Cosmic rays initiate air showers—cascades of secondary particles in the atmosphere—and their masses can be inferred from measurements of the atmospheric depth of the shower maximum3 (Xmax; the depth of the air shower when it contains the most particles) or of the composition of shower particles reaching the ground4. Current measurements5 have either high uncertainty, or a low duty cycle and a high energy threshold. Radio detection of cosmic rays6, 7, 8 is a rapidly developing technique9 for determining Xmax (refs 10, 11) with a duty cycle of, in principle, nearly 100 per cent. The radiation is generated by the separation of relativistic electrons and positrons in the geomagnetic field and a negative charge excess in the shower front6, 12. Here we report radio measurements of Xmax with a mean uncertainty of 16 grams per square centimetre for air showers initiated by cosmic rays with energies of 1017–1017.5 electronvolts. This high resolution in Xmax enables us to determine the mass spectrum of the cosmic rays: we find a mixed composition, with a light-mass fraction (protons and helium nuclei) of about 80 per cent. Unless, contrary to current expectations, the extragalactic component of cosmic rays contributes substantially to the total flux below 1017.5 electronvolts, our measurements indicate the existence of an additional galactic component, to account for the light composition that we measured in the 1017–1017.5 electronvolt range. | |
| 650 | 7 | a NATURVETENSKAPx Fysikx Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi0 (SwePub)103052 hsv//swe |
| 650 | 7 | a NATURAL SCIENCESx Physical Sciencesx Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology0 (SwePub)103052 hsv//eng |
| 650 | 7 | a NATURVETENSKAPx Fysik0 (SwePub)1032 hsv//swe |
| 650 | 7 | a NATURAL SCIENCESx Physical Sciences0 (SwePub)1032 hsv//eng |
| 653 | a High-energy astrophysics | |
| 653 | a Particle astrophysics | |
| 653 | a Astroparticle Physics | |
| 653 | a Astropartikelfysik | |
| 700 | 1 | a Corstanje, A.u Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Falcke, H.u Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands ; ASTRON, The Netherlands ; Science Park Amsterdam, The Netherlands ; Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Germany4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Hörandel, J. R.u Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands ; Science Park Amsterdam, The Netherlands4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Huege, T.u Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Nelles, A.u University of California Irvine, USA4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Rachen, J. P.u Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Rossetto, L.u Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Schellart, P.u Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Scholten, O.u University of Groningen, The Netherlands ; Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Ter Veen, S.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Thoudam, Satyendrau Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands4 aut0 (Swepub:lnu)sathaa |
| 700 | 1 | a Trinh, T. N. G.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Anderson, J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Asgekar, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Avruch, I. M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Bell, M. E.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Bentum, M. J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Bernardi, G.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Best, P.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Bonafede, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Breitling, F.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Broderick, J. W.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Brouw, W. N.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Brüggen, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Butcher, H. R.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Carbone, D.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Ciardi, B.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Conway, John,d 1963u Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology4 aut0 (Swepub:cth)jconway |
| 700 | 1 | a de Gasperin, F.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a de Geus, E.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Deller, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Dettmar, R. -J4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a van Diepen, G.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Duscha, S.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Eislöffel, J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Engels, D.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Enriquez, J. E.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Fallows, R. A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Fender, R.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Ferrari, C.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Frieswijk, W.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Garrett, M. A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Grießmeier, J. M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Gunst, A. W.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a van Haarlem, M. P.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Hassall, T. E.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Heald, G.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Hessels, J. W. T.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Hoeft, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Horneffer, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Iacobelli, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Intema, H.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Juette, E.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Karastergiou, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Kondratiev, V. I.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Kramer, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Kuniyoshi, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Kuper, G.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a van Leeuwen, J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Loose, G. M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Maat, P.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Mann, G.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Markoff, S.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a McFadden, R.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a McKay-Bukowski, D.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a McKean, J. P.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Mevius, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Mulcahy, D. D.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Munk, H.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Norden, M. J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Orru, E.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Paas, H.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Pandey-Pommier, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Pandey, V. N.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Pietka, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Pizzo, R.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Polatidis, A. G.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Reich, W.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Röttgering, H. J. A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Scaife, A. M. M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Schwarz, D. J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Serylak, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Sluman, J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Smirnov, O.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Stappers, B. W.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Steinmetz, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Stewart, A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Swinbank, J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Tagger, M.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Tang, Y.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Tasse, C.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Toribio, M. C.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Vermeulen, R.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Vocks, C.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Vogt, C.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a van Weeren, R. J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Wijers, R. A. M. J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Wijnholds, S. J.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Wise, M. W.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Wucknitz, O.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Yatawatta, S.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Zarka, P.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Zensus, J. A.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Kuniyoshi, N.4 aut |
| 700 | 1 | a Nuleahv, D. D.4 aut |
| 710 | 2 | a Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium ; Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlandsb Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands4 org |
| 773 | 0 | t Natured : Springer Science and Business Media LLCg 531:7592, s. 70-73q 531:7592<70-73x 0028-0836x 1476-4687 |
| 856 | 4 | u http://rdcu.be/ovSMy Fulltext (read only) |
| 856 | 4 | u http://arxiv.org/pdf/1603.01594 |
| 856 | 4 | u http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature16976y FULLTEXT |
| 856 | 4 8 | u https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-51518 |
| 856 | 4 8 | u https://doi.org/10.1038/nature16976 |
| 856 | 4 8 | u https://research.chalmers.se/publication/233637 |
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