Energy availability and the female athlete triad in elite endurance athletes

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Melin, Anna K.,Assistant Professor,1965-Univ Copenhagen, Denmark (author)

Energy availability and the female athlete triad in elite endurance athletes

Article/chapterEnglish2015

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2014-05-30
Wiley-Blackwell,2015
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:lnu-81807
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-81807URI
https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12261DOI
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8383476URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

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The female athlete triad (Triad), links low energy availability (EA), with menstrual dysfunction (MD), and impaired bone health. The aims of this study were to examine associations between EA/MD and energy metabolism and the prevalence of Triad-associated conditions in endurance athletes. Forty women [26.2 +/- 5.5 years, body mass index (BMI) 20.6 +/- 2.0 kg/m(2), body fat 20.0 +/- 3.0%], exercising 11.4 +/- 4.5 h/week, were recruited from national teams and competitive clubs. Protocol included gynecological examination; assessment of bone health; indirect respiratory calorimetry; diet and exercise measured 7 days to assess EA; eating disorder (ED) examination; blood analysis. Subjects with low/reduced EA (< 45 kcal/kg FFM/day), had lower resting metabolic rate (RMR) compared with those with optimal EA [28.4 +/- 2.0 kcal/kg fat-free mass (FFM)/day vs 30.5 +/- 2.2 kcal/kg FFM/day, P < 0.01], as did subjects with MD compared with eumenorrheic subjects (28.6 +/- 2.4 kcal/kg FFM/day vs 30.2 +/- 1.8 kcal/kg FFM/day, P < 0.05). 63% had low/reduced EA, 25% ED, 60% MD, 45% impaired bone health, and 23% had all three Triad conditions. 53% had low RMR, 25% hypercholesterolemia, and 38% hypoglycemia. Conclusively, athletes with low/reduced EA and/or MD had lowered RMR. Triad-associated conditions were common in this group of athletes, despite a normal BMI range. The high prevalence of ED, MD, and impaired bone health emphasizes the importance of prevention, early detection, and treatment of energy deficiency.

Subject headings and genre

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Hälsovetenskap Idrottsvetenskap hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Health Sciences Sport and Fitness Sciences hsv//eng
Energy metabolism
eating disorders
osteoporosis
amenorrhea
hypercholesterolemia
Idrottsvetenskap
Sport Science
Energy metabolism
eating disorders
osteoporosis
amenorrhea
hypercholesterolemia

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Tornberg, ÅsaLund University,Lunds universitet,Människan i rörelse: hälsa och rehabilitering,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Human Movement: health and rehabilitation,Lund University Research Groups,Lund University, Sweden(Swepub:lu)fhv-ase (author)
Skouby, S.Univ Copenhagen, Denmark (author)
Moller, S. S.Univ Copenhagen, Denmark (author)
Sundgot-Borgen, J.Norwegian Sch Sports, Norway (author)
Faber, J.Univ Copenhagen, Denmark (author)
Sidelmann, J. J.Univ Southern Denmark, Denmark (author)
Aziz, M.Univ Copenhagen, Denmark (author)
Sjödin, A.Univ Copenhagen, Denmark (author)
Univ Copenhagen, DenmarkMänniskan i rörelse: hälsa och rehabilitering (creator_code:org_t)

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In:Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports: Wiley-Blackwell25:5, s. 610-6220905-71881600-0838

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MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Health Sciences; and Sport and Fitnes ...

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