An altered immune response to Epstein-Barr virus in multiple sclerosis : a prospective study

• Objective: To investigate the association between human herpesviruses and multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as between measles virus and MS.Methods: The authors identified prospectively collected serum samples from 73 MS cases and retrospective sera from 161 MS cases in two population-based serum bank registers. Analyses of IgG antibody responses in cases and matched referents were performed for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV [EBNA-1 and VCA]), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and measles.Results: All cases showed signs of past EBV infection. High activity to EBNA-1 and HHV-6 significantly (borderline significance for HHV-6) increased the risk for MS in prospective sera. A discrepancy between activities to EBNA-1 and VCA was striking in MS samples collected less than 5 years before relapsing-remitting MS onset, where high activity to EBNA-1 significantly increased, and high VCA activity significantly decreased the risk for MS. There was no support for major causal roles for HSV, VZV, or measles.Conclusion: Individuals who will develop MS exhibit an altered immune response against the EBV virus characterized by a high IgG activity to EBNA-1 in the absence of high activity to VCA, this being most pronounced in the 5-year period preceding MS onset.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Neurologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Neurology (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Adolescent

Adult

Aged

Antigens; Viral/immunology

Capsid Proteins/immunology

Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/*immunology

Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens/immunology

Female

Herpesvirus 4; Human/*immunology

Humans

Immunoglobulin G/immunology

Male

Middle Aged

Multiple Sclerosis/*immunology/*virology

Prospective Studies

Retrospective Studies

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)

art (subject category)