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- Hartstra, A. V. (author)
Insights Into the Role of the Microbiome in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes
- Article/chapterEnglish2015
Publisher, publication year, extent ...
- 2014-12-13
- American Diabetes Association,2015
Numbers
- LIBRIS-ID:oai:gup.ub.gu.se/211504
- https://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/211504URI
- https://doi.org/10.2337/dc14-0769DOI
Supplementary language notes
- Language:English
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Notes
- The worldwide prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to rise at an alarming pace. Recently the potential role of the gut microbiome in these metabolic disorders has been identified. Obesity is associated with changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota, and the obese microbiome seems to be more efficient in harvesting energy from the diet. Lean male donor fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in males with metabolic syndrome resulted in a significant improvement in insulin sensitivity in conjunction with an increased intestinal microbial diversity, including a distinct increase in butyrate-producing bacterial strains. Such differences in gut microbiota composition might function as early diagnostic markers for the development of T2DM in high-risk patients. Products of intestinal microbes such as butyrate may induce beneficial metabolic effects through enhancement of mitochondrial activity, prevention of metabolic endotoxemia, and activation of intestinal gluconeogenesis via different routes of gene expression and hormone regulation. Future research should focus on whether bacterial products (like butyrate) have the same effects as the intestinal bacteria that produce it, in order to ultimately pave the way for more successful interventions for obesity and T2DM. The rapid development of the currently available techniques, including use of fecal transplantations, has already shown promising results, so there is hope for novel therapies based on the microbiota in the future.
Subject headings and genre
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin hsv//swe
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine hsv//eng
- DIET-INDUCED OBESITY
- CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS
- PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR
- HUMAN
- GUT MICROBIOTA
- BARIATRIC SURGERY
- INSULIN SENSITIVITY
- GASTRIC BYPASS
- INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA
- LACTOBACILLUS-CASEI
- ULCERATIVE-COLITIS
Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)
- Bouter, K. E. C. (author)
- Bäckhed, Fredrik,1973Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Wallenberglaboratoriet,Wallenberg Laboratory(Swepub:gu)xbafre (author)
- Nieuwdorp, MaxGothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Wallenberglaboratoriet,Wallenberg Laboratory(Swepub:gu)xnieum (author)
- Göteborgs universitetWallenberglaboratoriet (creator_code:org_t)
Related titles
- In:Diabetes Care: American Diabetes Association38:1, s. 159-1650149-59921935-5548
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