Anxiety and depression in parents 4-9 years after the loss of a child owing to a malignancy: a population-based follow-up

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MARC

Kreicbergs, UlrikaKarolinska Institutet,Karolinska institutet (author)

Anxiety and depression in parents 4-9 years after the loss of a child owing to a malignancy: a population-based follow-up

Article/chapterEnglish2004

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Cambridge University Press (CUP),2004

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:gup.ub.gu.se/45672
https://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/45672URI
http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:1942328URI
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291704002740DOI
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-5090URI

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Language:English

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SwePubSwePub

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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

Notes

BACKGROUND: Some consider the loss of a child as the most stressful life event. When the death is caused by a malignancy, the parents are commonly exposed not only to their own loss, but also to the protracted physical and emotional suffering of the child. We investigated parental risk of anxiety and depression 4-9 years after the loss of a child owing to a malignancy. METHOD: In 2001, we attempted to contact all parents in Sweden who had lost a child due to a malignancy during 1992--1997. We used an anonymous postal questionnaire and utilized a control group of non-bereaved parents with a living child. RESULTS: Participation among bereaved parents was 449/561 (80 %); among non-bereaved 457/659 (69%). We found an increased risk of anxiety (relative risk 1.5, 95 % confidence interval 1.1-1.9) and depression (relative risk 1.4, 95 % confidence interval 1.1-1.7) among bereaved parents compared with non-bereaved. The risk of anxiety and depression was higher in the period 4-6 years after bereavement than in the 7-9 years period, during which the average excess risks approached zero. Psychological distress was overall higher among bereaved mothers and loss of a child aged 9 years or older implied an increased risk, particularly for fathers. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological morbidity in bereaved parents decreases to levels similar to those among non-bereaved parents 7-9 years after the loss. Bereaved mothers and parents who lose a child 9 years or older have on average an excess risk for long-term psychological distress.

Subject headings and genre

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Cancer och onkologi hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Cancer and Oncology hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Annan medicin och hälsovetenskap Övrig annan medicin och hälsovetenskap hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Other Medical and Health Sciences Other Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere specified hsv//eng
Adult
Age Factors
Aged
Anxiety Disorders/*etiology
*Bereavement
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child
Preschool
*Death
Depression/*etiology
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Morbidity
*Neoplasms
*Parent-Child Relations
Risk Factors
Stress
Psychological

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Valdimarsdottir, U.Karolinska Institutet,Karolinska institutet (author)
Onelov, E.Karolinska Institutet,Karolinska institutet (author)
Henter, J. I.Karolinska Institutet,Karolinska institutet (author)
Steineck, Gunnar,1952Karolinska Institutet,Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för särskilda specialiteter, Avdelningen för onkologi,Institute of Selected Clinical Sciences, Department of Oncology,Karolinska institutet(Swepub:gu)xstegu (author)
Karolinska InstitutetKarolinska institutet (creator_code:org_t)

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In:Psychol Med: Cambridge University Press (CUP)34:8, s. 1431-410033-29171469-8978

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MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Cancer and Oncol ...

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By the university: University of Gothenburg; Karolinska Institutet; Marie Cederschiöld högskola

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