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HTLV-1 in rural Gui...
HTLV-1 in rural Guinea-Bissau: prevalence, incidence and a continued association with HIV between 1990 and 2007
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van Tienen, Carla (author)
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van der Loeff, Maarten F. Schim (author)
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Peterson, Ingrid (author)
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Cotten, Matthew (author)
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- Holmgren, Birgitta G (author)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Avdelningen för medicinsk mikrobiologi,Institutionen för laboratoriemedicin,Medicinska fakulteten,Division of Medical Microbiology,Department of Laboratory Medicine,Faculty of Medicine
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Andersson, Soren (author)
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Vincent, Tim (author)
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Sarge-Njie, Ramu (author)
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Rowland-Jones, Sarah (author)
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Jaye, Assan (author)
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Aaby, Peter (author)
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Whittle, Hilton (author)
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2010-06-04
- 2010
- English.
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In: Retrovirology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1742-4690. ; 7
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Abstract
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- Background: HTLV-1 is endemic in Guinea-Bissau, and the highest prevalence in the adult population (5.2%) was observed in a rural area, Caio, in 1990. HIV-1 and HIV-2 are both prevalent in this area as well. Cross-sectional associations have been reported for HTLV-1 with HIV infection, but the trends in prevalence of HTLV-1 and HIV associations are largely unknown, especially in Sub Saharan Africa. In the current study, data from three cross-sectional community surveys performed in 1990, 1997 and 2007, were used to assess changes in HTLV-1 prevalence, incidence and its associations with HIV-1 and HIV-2 and potential risk factors. Results: HTLV-1 prevalence was 5.2% in 1990, 5.9% in 1997 and 4.6% in 2007. Prevalence was higher among women than men in all 3 surveys and increased with age. The Odds Ratio (OR) of being infected with HTLV-1 was significantly higher for HIV positive subjects in all surveys after adjustment for potential confounding factors. The risk of HTLV-1 infection was higher in subjects with an HTLV-1 positive mother versus an uninfected mother (OR 4.6, CI 2.6-8.0). The HTLV-1 incidence was stable between 1990-1997 (Incidence Rate (IR) 1.8/1,000 pyo) and 1997-2007 (IR 1.6/1,000 pyo) (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) 0.9, CI 0.4-1.7). The incidence of HTLV-1 among HIV-positive individuals was higher compared to HIV negative individuals (IRR 2.5, CI 1.0-6.2), while the HIV incidence did not differ by HTLV-1 status (IRR 1.2, CI 0.5-2.7). Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the largest community based study that has reported on HTLV-1 prevalence and associations with HIV. HTLV-1 is endemic in this rural community in West Africa with a stable incidence and a high prevalence. The prevalence increases with age and is higher in women than men. HTLV-1 infection is associated with HIV infection, and longitudinal data indicate HIV infection may be a risk factor for acquiring HTLV-1, but not vice versa. Mother to child transmission is likely to contribute to the epidemic.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Mikrobiologi inom det medicinska området (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Basic Medicine -- Microbiology in the medical area (hsv//eng)
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- By the author/editor
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van Tienen, Carl ...
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van der Loeff, M ...
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Peterson, Ingrid
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Cotten, Matthew
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Holmgren, Birgit ...
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Andersson, Soren
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show more...
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Vincent, Tim
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Sarge-Njie, Ramu
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Rowland-Jones, S ...
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Jaye, Assan
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Aaby, Peter
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Whittle, Hilton
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show less...
- About the subject
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- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
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MEDICAL AND HEAL ...
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and Basic Medicine
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and Microbiology in ...
- Articles in the publication
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Retrovirology
- By the university
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Lund University