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Prevalence of conta...
Prevalence of contact allergy to metals in the European general population with a focus on nickel sulfate and piercings : The EDEN Fragrance Study
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- Schuttelaar, Marie L.A. (författare)
- University of Groningen,University Medical Center Groningen
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- Ofenloch, Robert F. (författare)
- Heidelberg University
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- Bruze, Magnus (författare)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Yrkes- och miljödermatologi,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Occupational and Environmental Dermatology,Lund University Research Groups,Skåne University Hospital
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- Cazzaniga, Simone (författare)
- Bern University Hospital
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- Elsner, Peter (författare)
- Universitätsklinikum Jena
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- Gonçalo, Margarida (författare)
- University of Coimbra,University Hospital of Coimbra
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- Naldi, Luigi (författare)
- Ospedale San Bortolo
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- Svensson, Åke (författare)
- Skåne University Hospital
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- Diepgen, Thomas L. (författare)
- Heidelberg University
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2018-04-10
- 2018
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873. ; 79:1, s. 1-9
- Relaterad länk:
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http://dx.doi.org/10...
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https://onlinelibrar...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Background: Studies on sensitization to metals in the general population are scarce. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of sensitization to metals in the general population, and factors associated with nickel sensitization. Methods: In 5 European countries (The Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Portugal and Sweden), a random sample (N =3119) from the general population (aged 18-74years) was patch tested and interviewed by use of a questionnaire on exposure to metals, piercing, and jewellery. Results: Overall, the age-standardized prevalences of sensitization to nickel, cobalt and chromium were, respectively, 14.5%, 2.1%, and 0.8%. The highest prevalence of nickel sensitization was seen in Portugal (18.5%) and the lowest (8.3%) in Sweden. The prevalence of cobalt sensitization varied between 3.8% (The Netherlands) and 0.9% (Italy), and the prevalence of chromium sensitization varied between 1.3% (Portugal) and 0.2% (Sweden). Significant associations were observed between nickel allergy and female sex (odds ratio [OR] 5.19; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 3.99-6.74), past piercing use (OR 3.86; 95%CI: 2.85-5.24), and currently having ≥3 piercings (OR 5.58; 95%CI: 4.02-7.76). Conclusions: The prevalence of sensitization to metals in the European general population was high, mostly because of nickel. The lowest prevalence of contact allergy to nickel and chromium observed in Sweden supports the effectiveness of long-standing regulation.
Ämnesord
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Dermatologi och venereologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Dermatology and Venereal Diseases (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- Chromium
- Cobalt
- Contact allergy
- Epidemiology
- Nickel
- Patch testing
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- art (ämneskategori)
- ref (ämneskategori)
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