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Obesity and cancer
Obesity and cancer the role of vitamin D
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Shanmugalingam, Thurkaa (author)
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Crawley, Danielle (author)
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Bosco, Cecilia (author)
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Melvin, Jennifer (author)
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Rohrmann, Sabine (author)
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Chowdhury, Simon (author)
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Holmberg, Lars (author)
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Van Hemelrijck, Mieke (author)
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show less...
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(publisher)
- 2014
- 2014
- English.
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In: BMC Cancer. - 1471-2407. ; 14, 712
Abstract
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- Background: It is estimated that 20% of all cancer cases are caused by obesity. Vitamin D is thought to be one of the mechanisms underlying this association. This review aims to summarise the evidence for the mediating effect of vitamin D on the link between obesity and cancer. Methods: Three literature searches using PubMed and Embase were conducted to assess whether vitamin D plays an important role in the pathway between obesity and cancer: (1) obesity and cancer; (2) obesity and vitamin D; and (3) vitamin D and cancer. A systematic review was performed for (1) and (3), whereas a meta-analysis including random effects analyses was performed for (2). Results: (1) 32 meta-analyses on obesity and cancer were identified; the majority reported a positive association between obesity and risk of cancer. (2) Our meta-analysis included 12 original studies showing a pooled relative risk of 1.52 (95% CI: 1.33-1.73) for risk of vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) in obese people (body mass index >30 kg/m(2)). (3) 21 meta-analyses on circulating vitamin D levels and cancer risk were identified with different results for different types of cancer. Conclusion: There is consistent evidence for a link between obesity and cancer as well as obesity and low vitamin D. However, it seems like the significance of the mediating role of vitamin D in the biological pathways linking obesity and cancer is low. There is a need for a study including all three components while dealing with bias related to dietary supplements and vitamin D receptor polymorphisms.
Subject headings
- Medical and Health Sciences (hsv)
- Clinical Medicine (hsv)
- Cancer and Oncology (hsv)
- Medicin och hälsovetenskap (hsv)
- Klinisk medicin (hsv)
- Cancer och onkologi (hsv)
Keyword
- Cancer
- Obesity
- Vitamin D
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