Early processing in primary visual cortex is necessary for conscious and unconscious vision while late processing is necessary only for conscious vision in neurologically healthy humans

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Hurme, MikkoDepartment of Psychology, University of Turku, Finland / Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Turku, Finland / Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku, Finland (author)

Early processing in primary visual cortex is necessary for conscious and unconscious vision while late processing is necessary only for conscious vision in neurologically healthy humans

Article/chapterEnglish2017

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Elsevier,2017
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:his-13578
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-13578URI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.060DOI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

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The neural mechanisms underlying conscious and unconscious visual processes remain controversial. Blindsight patients may process visual stimuli unconsciously despite their VI lesion, promoting anatomical models, which suggest that pathways bypassing the VI support unconscious vision. On the other hand, physiological models argue that the major geniculostriate pathway via VI is involved in both unconscious and conscious vision, but in different time windows and in different types of neural activity. According to physiological models, feedforward activity via VI to higher areas mediates unconscious processes whereas feedback loops of recurrent activity from higher areas back to VI support conscious vision. With transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) it is possible to study the causal role of a brain region during specific time points in neurologically healthy participants. In the present study, we measured unconscious processing with redundant target effect, a phenomenon where participants respond faster to two stimuli than one even when one of the stimuli is not consciously perceived. We tested the physiological feedforward-feedback model of vision by suppressing conscious vision by interfering selectively either with early or later VI activity with TMS. Our results show that early VI activity (60 ms) is necessary for both unconscious and conscious vision. During later processing stages (90 ms), VI contributes selectively to conscious vision. These findings support the feedforward-feedback-model of consciousness.

Subject headings and genre

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper Neurovetenskaper hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Basic Medicine Neurosciences hsv//eng
NATURVETENSKAP Data- och informationsvetenskap Bioinformatik hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Computer and Information Sciences Bioinformatics hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Neurologi hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Neurology hsv//eng
redundant target effect
TMS
V1
unconscious vision
Kognitiv neurovetenskap och filosofi
Consciousness and Cognitive Neuroscience

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Koivisto, MikaDepartment of Psychology, University of Turku, Finland / Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Turku, Finland / Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku, Finland (author)
Revonsuo, AnttiHögskolan i Skövde,Institutionen för biovetenskap,Forskningscentrum för Systembiologi,Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Finland / Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Turku, Finland / Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku, Finland,Kognitiv neurovetenskap och filosofi, Consciousness and Cognitive Neuroscience(Swepub:his)reva (author)
Railo, HenryDepartment of Psychology, University of Turku, Finland / Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Turku, Finland / Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku, Finland (author)
Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Finland / Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Turku, Finland / Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku, FinlandInstitutionen för biovetenskap (creator_code:org_t)

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In:NeuroImage: Elsevier150, s. 230-2381053-81191095-9572

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By the author/editor: Hurme, Mikko; Koivisto, Mika; Revonsuo, Antti; Railo, Henry

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MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Basic Medicine; and Neurosciences

NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Computer and Inf ...; and Bioinformatics

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Neurology

Articles in the publication: NeuroImage

By the university: University of Skövde

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