Periodontal disease in relation to smoking and the use of Swedish snus : epdemiological studies covering 20 years (1983-2003)

• AbstractAim: The aim of the present study was to examine how deleterious current smokingand the use of Swedish moist snuff (snus) is for periodontal health compared with nontobaccousers.Materials and Methods: The studies comprised three epidemiological crosssectionalstudies, in 1983, 1993 and 2003, of stratified random samples aged 20, 30, 40,50, 60 and 70 years. The numbers of dentate participants were 550, 552 and 523,respectively. The participants were examined clinically and radiographically.Diagnostic criteria were the number of teeth, plaque, gingival status, probing pocketdepth (PPD)X4 mm, height of the alveolar bone level and classification by periodontaldisease experience. In addition, participants were asked about their tobacco habits.Results: Multiple logistic regression shows, after adjusting for age, gender andsociodemographic variables, that relative to non-tobacco users, cigarette smokers hadstatistically significant less gingivitis, a higher frequency of PPDX4mm and a higherincidence of severe periodontitis. There was no significant association betweengingivitis, frequency of PPDX4mm and periodontal disease experience and snus use.Conclusions: Cigarette smokers were found to have a statistically significant higherrisk of severe periodontitis than non-tobacco users and users of snus. Using snus didnot seem to be a risk factor for periodontitis

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Hälsovetenskap (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Health Sciences (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Odontologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Dentistry (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Key words: epidemiology

moist snuff

periodontal disease

periodontitis

smokeless tobacco

smoking

snus

tobacco

Oral hälsa

Dental Hygiene

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)