Birth mode is associated with earliest strain-conferred gut microbiome functions and immunostimulatory potential

• The rate of caesarean section delivery (CSD) is increasing worldwide. It remains unclear whether disruption of mother-to-neonate transmission of microbiota through CSD occurs and whether it affects human physiology. Here we perform metagenomic analysis of earliest gut microbial community structures and functions. We identify differences in encoded functions between microbiomes of vaginally delivered (VD) and CSD neonates. Several functional pathways are over-represented in VD neonates, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis. We link these enriched functions to individual-specific strains, which are transmitted from mothers to neonates in case of VD. The stimulation of primary human immune cells with LPS isolated from early stool samples of VD neonates results in higher levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin 18 (IL-18). Accordingly, the observed levels of TNF-α and IL-18 in neonatal blood plasma are higher after VD. Taken together, our results support that CSD disrupts mother-to-neonate transmission of specific microbial strains, linked functional repertoires and immune-stimulatory potential during a critical window for neonatal immune system priming.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

beta interferon

galectin 1

gamma interferon

granzyme B

interleukin 10

interleukin 12

interleukin 13

interleukin 15

interleukin 18

interleukin 1beta

interleukin 2

interleukin 21

interleukin 23

interleukin 23p40

interleukin 27

interleukin 4

interleukin 5

interleukin 6

interleukin 8

RNA 16S

tumor necrosis factor

unclassified drug

interleukin 18 protein

human

lipopolysaccharide

cell

community structure

digestive system

genetic analysis

immune system

microbial community

microorganism

neonate

physiology

amplicon

Article

bacterial strain

cesarean section

DNA sequence

female

gene function

genetic variability

human

human cell

human tissue

immunostimulation

intestine flora

marker gene

metagenomics

microbial colonization

newborn

quantitative analysis

real time polymerase chain reaction

sequence homology

taxonomy

vagina flora

vaginal delivery

genetics

in vitro study

metabolism

obstetric delivery

pregnancy

procedures

vertical transmission

Delivery

Obstetric

Gastrointestinal Microbiome

Humans

In Vitro Techniques

Infant

Newborn

Infectious Disease Transmission

Vertical

Interleukin-18

Lipopolysaccharides

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)