Advanced application of nano-technological and biological processes as well as mitigation options for arsenic removal

• Arsenic (As) removal is a huge challenge, since several million people are potentially exposed (>10 μg/L World Health Organization guideline limit) through As contaminated drinking water worldwide. Review attempts to address the present situation of As removal, considering key topics on nano-technological and biological process and current progress and future perspectives of possible mitigation options have been evaluated. Different physical, chemical and biological methods are available to remove As from contaminated water/soil/wastes, where removal efficiency mainly depends on absorbent type, initial adsorbate concentration, speciation and interfering species. Oxidation is an important pretreatment step in As removal, which is generally achieved by several media such as O2/O3, HClO, KMnO4 and H2O2. The Fe-based-nanomaterials (α/β/γ-FeOOH, Fe2O3/Fe3O4–γ-Fe2O3), Fe-based-composite-compounds, activated-Al2O3, HFO, Fe-Al2O3, Fe2O3-impregnated-graphene-aerogel, iron-doped-TiO2, aerogel-based- CeTiO2, and iron-oxide-coated-manganese are effective to remove As from contaminated water. Biological processes (phytoremediation/microbiological) are effective and ecofriendly for As removal from water and/or soil environment. Microorganisms remove As from water, sediments and soil by metabolism, detoxification, oxidation-reduction, bio-adsorption, bio-precipitation, and volatilization processes. Ecofriendly As mitigation options can be achieved by utilizing an alternative As-safe-aquifer, surface-water or rainwater-harvesting. Application of hybrid (biological with chemical and physical process) and Best-Available-Technologies (BAT) can be the most effective As removal strategy to remediate As contaminated environments.

Ämnesord

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Miljövetenskap (hsv//swe)

NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Environmental Sciences (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Arsenic removal

Biological processes

Mitigation options

Nanotechnology

Soil and water

Activated alumina

Aerogels

Aluminum oxide

Aquifers

Arsenic

Bioremediation

Chemical speciation

Chlorine compounds

Contamination

Detoxification

Environmental protection

Hematite

Manganese compounds

Potable water

Potash

Soil pollution control

Surface waters

Titanium dioxide

Water pollution

Adsorbate concentration

Advanced applications

Best available technologies

Chemical and biologicals

Contaminated drinking water

Contaminated environment

Volatilization process

World Health Organization

Chemicals removal (water treatment)

drinking water

guideline

oxidation

pollutant removal

precipitation (chemistry)

volatilization

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)