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Gauge invariance an...
Gauge invariance and Ward identities in nonlinear response theory
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- Rostami, Habib (författare)
- Stockholms universitet,Nordiska institutet för teoretisk fysik (Nordita),NORDITA SU
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- Katsnelson, Mikhail, I (författare)
- Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Mol & Mat, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands.
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- Vignale, Giovanni (författare)
- Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
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- Polini, Marco (författare)
- Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.;Ist Italiano Tecnol, Graphene Labs, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genoa, Italy.;Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
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(creator_code:org_t)
- Elsevier BV, 2021
- 2021
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Annals of Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-4916 .- 1096-035X. ; 431
- Relaterad länk:
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- We present a formal analysis of nonlinear response functions in terms of correlation functions in real-and imaginary-time domains. In particular, we show that causal nonlinear response functions, expressed in terms of nested commutators in real time, can be obtained from the analytic continuation of time ordered response functions, which are more easily amenable to diagrammatic calculation. This generalizes the well-known result of linear response theory. We then use gauge invariance arguments to derive exact relations between second-order response functions in density and current channels. These identities, which are non-perturbative in the strength of inter-particle interactions, allow us to establish exact connections between nonlinear optics calculations done in different electromagnetic gauges.
Ämnesord
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Subatomär fysik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Subatomic Physics (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- Nonlinear optics
- Gauge invariance
- Ward identity
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