Mind the gap: the discrepancy between simulation and reality drives interpretations of the Galactic Center Excess

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Caron, SaschaTheoretical High Energy Physics, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Nikhef, Science Park 105, 1098 XG Amsterdam, the Netherlands (författare)

Mind the gap: the discrepancy between simulation and reality drives interpretations of the Galactic Center Excess

Artikel/kapitelEngelska2023

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IOP Publishing,2023
printrdacarrier

Nummerbeteckningar

LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:kth-331401
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-331401URI
https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2023/06/013DOI

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Språk:engelska
Sammanfattning på:engelska

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Anmärkningar

QC 20230707
The Galactic Center Excess (GCE) in GeV gamma rays has been debated for over a decade, with the possibility that it might be due to dark matter annihilation or undetected point sources such as millisecond pulsars (MSPs). This study investigates how the gamma-ray emission model (γEM) used in Galactic center analyses affects the interpretation of the GCE's nature. To address this issue, we construct an ultra-fast and powerful inference pipeline based on convolutional Deep Ensemble Networks. We explore the two main competing hypotheses for the GCE using a set of γEMs with increasing parametric freedom. We calculate the fractional contribution (f src) of a dim population of MSPs to the total luminosity of the GCE and analyze its dependence on the complexity of the γEM. For the simplest γEM, we obtain f src = 0.10 ± 0.07, while the most complex model yields f src = 0.79 ± 0.24. In conclusion, we find that the statement about the nature of the GCE (dark matter or not) strongly depends on the assumed γEM. The quoted results for f src do not account for the additional uncertainty arising from the fact that the observed gamma-ray sky is out-of-distribution concerning the investigated γEM iterations. We quantify the reality gap between our γEMs using deep-learning-based One-Class Deep Support Vector Data Description networks, revealing that all employed γEMs have gaps to reality. Our study casts doubt on the validity of previous conclusions regarding the GCE and dark matter, and underscores the urgent need to account for the reality gap and consider previously overlooked “out of domain” uncertainties in future interpretations.

Ämnesord och genrebeteckningar

NATURVETENSKAP Fysik Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Physical Sciences Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology hsv//eng
dark matter simulations
gamma ray experiments
Machine learning
millisecond pulsars

Biuppslag (personer, institutioner, konferenser, titlar ...)

Eckner, ChristopherLAPP, CNRS, USMB, F-74940 Annecy, France (författare)
Hendriks, LucTheoretical High Energy Physics, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Nikhef, Science Park 105, 1098 XG Amsterdam, the Netherlands (författare)
Jóhannesson, GudlaugurKTH,Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics NORDITA,NORDITA SU; Science Institute, University of Iceland, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland; Nordita, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden(Swepub:kth)u1dxoc6e (författare)
Ruiz de Austri, RobertoInstituto de Física Corpuscular, IFIC-UV/CSIC, Valencia, Spain (författare)
Zaharijas, GabrijelaCenter for Astrophysics and Cosmology, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia (författare)
Theoretical High Energy Physics, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Nikhef, Science Park 105, 1098 XG Amsterdam, the NetherlandsLAPP, CNRS, USMB, F-74940 Annecy, France (creator_code:org_t)

Sammanhörande titlar

Ingår i:Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics: IOP Publishing2023:61475-7516

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Av författaren/redakt...: Caron, Sascha; Eckner, Christop ...; Hendriks, Luc; Jóhannesson, Gud ...; Ruiz de Austri, ...; Zaharijas, Gabri ...

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