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  • Rocafort, MercedesLaboratory of Molecular Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (författare)

Cell Wall Carbohydrate Dynamics during the Differentiation of Infection Structures by the Apple Scab Fungus, Venturia inaequalis

  • Artikel/kapitelEngelska2023

Förlag, utgivningsår, omfång ...

  • American Society for Microbiology,2023
  • printrdacarrier

Nummerbeteckningar

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:kth-334628
  • https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-334628URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.04219-22DOI

Kompletterande språkuppgifter

  • Språk:engelska
  • Sammanfattning på:engelska

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Klassifikation

  • Ämneskategori:ref swepub-contenttype
  • Ämneskategori:art swepub-publicationtype

Anmärkningar

  • QC 20230823
  • Scab, caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Venturia inaequalis, is the most economically important disease of apples. During infection, V. inaequalis colonizes the subcuticular host environment, where it develops specialized infection structures called runner hyphae and stromata. These structures are thought to be involved in nutrient acquisition and effector (virulence factor) delivery, but also give rise to conidia that further the infection cycle. Despite their importance, very little is known about how these structures are differentiated. Likewise, nothing is known about how these structures are protected from host defenses or recognition by the host immune system. To better understand these processes, we first performed a glycosidic linkage analysis of sporulating tubular hyphae from V. inaequalis developed in culture. This analysis revealed that the V. inaequalis cell wall is mostly composed of glucans (44%) and mannans (37%), whereas chitin represents a much smaller proportion (4%). Next, we used transcriptomics and confocal laser scanning microscopy to provide insights into the cell wall carbohydrate composition of runner hyphae and stromata. These analyses revealed that, during subcuticular host colonization, genes of V. inaequalis putatively associated with the biosynthesis of immunogenic carbohydrates, such as chitin and b-1,6-glucan, are downregulated relative to growth in culture, while on the surface of runner hyphae and stromata, chitin is deacetylated to the less-immunogenic carbohydrate chitosan. These changes are anticipated to enable the subcuticular differentiation of runner hyphae and stromata by V. inaequalis, as well as to protect these structures from host defenses and recognition by the host immune system. IMPORTANCE Plant-pathogenic fungi are a major threat to food security. Among these are subcuticular pathogens, which often cause latent asymptomatic infections, making them difficult to control. A key feature of these pathogens is their ability to differentiate specialized subcuticular infection structures that, to date, remain largely understudied. This is typified by Venturia inaequalis, which causes scab, the most economically important disease of apples. In this study, we show that, during subcuticular host colonization, V. inaequalis downregulates genes associated with the biosynthesis of two immunogenic cell wall carbohydrates, chitin and b-1,6-glucan, and coats its subcuticular infection structures with a less-immunogenic carbohydrate, chitosan. These changes are anticipated to enable host colonization by V. inaequalis and provide a foundation for understanding subcuticular host colonization by other plant-pathogenic fungi. Such an understanding is important, as it may inform the development of novel control strategies against subcuticular plant-pathogenic fungi.

Ämnesord och genrebeteckningar

Biuppslag (personer, institutioner, konferenser, titlar ...)

  • Srivastava, VaibhavKTH,Glykovetenskap(Swepub:kth)u11h450n (författare)
  • Bowen, Joanna K.The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Mount Albert Research Centre, Auckland, New Zealand (författare)
  • Diaz-Moreno, Sara MKTH,Glykovetenskap(Swepub:kth)u1wan3e5 (författare)
  • Guo, YananLaboratory of Molecular Plant Pathology, School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (författare)
  • Bulone, VincentKTH,Glykovetenskap,School of Food, Agriculture and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia(Swepub:kth)u13o1auq (författare)
  • Plummer, Kim M.Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Bundoora (författare)
  • Sutherland, Paul W.The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Mount Albert Research Centre, Auckland, New Zealand (författare)
  • Anderson, Marilyn A.Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Bundoora (författare)
  • Bradshaw, Rosie E.Laboratory of Molecular Plant Pathology, School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Bioprotection Aotearoa, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (författare)
  • Mesarich, Carl H.Laboratory of Molecular Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Bioprotection Aotearoa, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (författare)
  • Laboratory of Molecular Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New ZealandGlykovetenskap (creator_code:org_t)

Sammanhörande titlar

  • Ingår i:Microbiology Spectrum: American Society for Microbiology11:32165-0497

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