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An Energetic Eruption With Associated SO 1.707 Micron Emissions at Io's Kanehekili Fluctus and a Brightening Event at Loki Patera Observed by JWST

de Pater, Imke (author)
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Lellouch, Emmanuel (author)
Univ PSL, Sorbonne Univ, Univ Paris Cite, LESIA,Observ Paris,CNRS, Meudon, France.
Strobel, Darrell F. F. (author)
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD USA.;Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD USA.
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de Kleer, Katherine (author)
Caltech, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA USA.
Fouchet, Thierry (author)
Univ PSL, Sorbonne Univ, Univ Paris Cite, LESIA,Observ Paris,CNRS, Meudon, France.
Wong, Michael H. H. (author)
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Holler, Bryan J. J. (author)
Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD USA.
Stansberry, John (author)
Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD USA.
Fry, Patrick M. M. (author)
Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
Brown, Michael E. E. (author)
Caltech, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA USA.
Bockelee-Morvan, Dominique (author)
Univ PSL, Sorbonne Univ, Univ Paris Cite, LESIA,Observ Paris,CNRS, Meudon, France.
Trumbo, Samantha K. K. (author)
Cornell Univ, Cornell Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Ithaca, NY USA.
Fletcher, L. N. (author)
Univ Leicester, Sch Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester, England.
Hedman, Matthew M. M. (author)
Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID USA.
Molter, Edward M. M. (author)
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Showalter, Mark (author)
SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA USA.
Tiscareno, Matthew S. S. (author)
SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA USA.
Cazaux, Stephanie (author)
Fac Aerosp Engn Astrodynam & Space Missions, Delft, Netherlands.
Hueso, Ricardo (author)
Univ Basque Country, Escuela Ingn Bilbao, Bilbao, Spain.
Luszcz-Cook, Statia (author)
Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY USA.;Amer Museum Nat Hist, Astrophys Dept, New York, NY USA.
Melin, Henrik (author)
Moeckel, Chris (author)
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Mura, Alessandro (author)
Ist Nazl Astrofis, Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali INAF IAPS, Rome, Italy.
Orton, Glenn (author)
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
Roth, Lorenz (author)
KTH,Rymd- och plasmafysik,European Southern Observ, Garching, Germany.
Saur, Joachim (author)
Univ Cologne, Inst Geophys & Meteorol, Cologne, Germany.
Tosi, Federico (author)
Ist Nazl Astrofis, Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali INAF IAPS, Rome, Italy.
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Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA;Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ PSL, Sorbonne Univ, Univ Paris Cite, LESIA,Observ Paris,CNRS, Meudon, France. (creator_code:org_t)
American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2023
2023
English.
In: Journal of Geophysical Research - Planets. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 2169-9097 .- 2169-9100. ; 128:8
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • We observed Io with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) while the satellite was in eclipse, and detected thermal emission from several volcanoes. The data were taken as part of our JWST-ERS program #1373 on 15 November 2022. Kanehekili Fluctus was exceptionally bright, and Loki Patera had most likely entered a new brightening phase. Spectra were taken with NIRSpec/IFU at a resolving power R ≈ 2,700 between 1.65 and 5.3 µm. The spectra were matched by a combination of blackbody curves that showed that the highest temperature, ∼1,200 K, for Kanehekili Fluctus originated from an area ∼0.25 km2 in size, and for Loki Patera this high temperature was confined to an area of ∼0.06 km2. Lower temperatures, down to 300 K, cover areas of ∼2,000 km2 for Kanehekili Fluctus, and ∼5,000 km2 for Loki Patera. We further detected the a1Δ ⇒ X3Σ− 1.707 µm rovibronic forbidden SO emission band complex over the southern hemisphere, which peaked at the location of Kanehekili Fluctus. This is the first time this emission has been seen above an active volcano, and suggests that the origin of such emissions is ejection of SO molecules directly from the vent in an excited state, after having been equilibrated at temperatures of ∼1,500 K below the surface, as was previously hypothesized.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Geofysik (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Geophysics (hsv//eng)

Keyword

JWST
Io
spectra
volcanic activity

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)
art (subject category)

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