Ruthenium porphyrin-induced photodamage in bladder cancer cells

• Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive treatment for solid malignant and flat tumors. Light activated sensitizers catalyze photochemical reactions that produce reactive oxygen species which can cause cancer cell death. In this work we investigated the photophysical properties of the photosensitizer ruthenium(II) porphyrin (RuP), along with its PDT efficiency onto rat bladder cancer cells (AY27). Optical spectroscopy verified that RuP is capable to activate singlet oxygen via blue and red absorption bands and inter system crossing (ISC) to the triplet state. In vitro experiments on AY27 indicated increased photo-toxicity of RuP (20 mu M, 1811 incubation) after cell illumination (at 435 nm), as a function of blue light exposure. Cell survival fraction was significantly reduced to 14% after illumination of 20 mu M RuP with 15.6 J/cm(2), whereas the "dark toxicity" of 20 mu M RuP was 17%. Structural and morphological changes of cells were observed, due to RuP accumulation, as well as light-dependent cell death was recorded by confocal microscopy. Flow cytometry verified that PDT-RuP (50 mu M) triggered significant photo-induced cellular destruction with a photoxicity of (93% +/- 0.9%). Interestingly, the present investigation of RuP-PDT showed that the dominating mode of cell death is necrosis. RuP "dark toxicity" compared to the conventional chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin was higher, both evaluated by the MIT assay (24 h). In conclusion, the present investigation shows that RuP with or without photoactivation induces cell death of bladder cancer cells. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Cancer och onkologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Cancer and Oncology (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Photodynamic therapy; PDT; Ruthenium porphyrin; Photophysical characterization; Singlet oxygen; Bladder cancer

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