Sex-biased microRNA expression in mammals and birds reveals underlying regulatory mechanisms and a role in dosage compensation

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Warnefors, MariaHeidelberg University of ZMBH, Germany (author)

Sex-biased microRNA expression in mammals and birds reveals underlying regulatory mechanisms and a role in dosage compensation

Article/chapterEnglish2017

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2017-10-27
COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT,2017
electronicrdacarrier

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:liu-143927
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-143927URI
https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.225391.117DOI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Funding Agencies|European Research Council [615253]; Swiss National Science Foundation [146474]
Sexual dimorphism depends on sex-biased gene expression, but the contributions of microRNAs (miRNAs) have not been globally assessed. We therefore produced an extensive small RNA sequencing data set to analyze male and female miRNA expression profiles in mouse, opossum, and chicken. Our analyses uncovered numerous cases of somatic sex-biased miRNA expression, with the largest proportion found in the mouse heart and liver. Sex-biased expression is explained by miRNA-specific regulation, including sex-biased chromatin accessibility at promoters, rather than piggybacking of intronic miRNAs on sex-biased protein-coding genes. In mouse, but not opossum and chicken, sex bias is coordinated across tissues such that autosomal testis-biased miRNAs tend to be somatically male-biased, whereas autosomal ovary-biased miRNAs are female-biased, possibly due to broad hormonal control. In chicken, which has a Z/W sex chromosome system, expression output of genes on the Z Chromosome is expected to be male-biased, since there is no global dosage compensation mechanism that restores expression in ZW females after almost all genes on the W Chromosome decayed. Nevertheless, we found that the dominant liver miRNA, miR-122-5p, is Z-linked but expressed in an unbiased manner, due to the unusual retention of a W-linked copy. Another Z-linked miRNA, the male-biased miR-2954-3p, shows conserved preference for dosage-sensitive genes on the Z Chromosome, based on computational and experimental data from chicken and zebra finch, and acts to equalize male-to-female expression ratios of its targets. Unexpectedly, our findings thus establish miRNA regulation as a novel gene-specific dosage compensation mechanism.

Subject headings and genre

NATURVETENSKAP Biologi Genetik hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Biological Sciences Genetics hsv//eng

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Mossinger, KatharinaHeidelberg University of ZMBH, Germany (author)
Halbert, JeanUniversity of Lausanne, Switzerland (author)
Studer, TaniaHeidelberg University of ZMBH, Germany (author)
VandeBerg, John L.University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, TX 78520 USA (author)
Lindgren, IsaLinköpings universitet,Biologi,Tekniska fakulteten(Swepub:liu)isali45 (author)
Fallahshahroudi, AmirLinköpings universitet,Biologi,Tekniska fakulteten(Swepub:liu)amifa49 (author)
Jensen, PerLinköpings universitet,Biologi,Tekniska fakulteten(Swepub:liu)perje15 (author)
Kaessmann, HenrikHeidelberg University of ZMBH, Germany (author)
Heidelberg University of ZMBH, GermanyUniversity of Lausanne, Switzerland (creator_code:org_t)

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In:Genome Research: COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT27:12, s. 1961-19731088-90511549-5469

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By the author/editor: Warnefors, Maria; Mossinger, Katha ...; Halbert, Jean; Studer, Tania; VandeBerg, John ...; Lindgren, Isa; show more...; Fallahshahroudi, ...; Jensen, Per; Kaessmann, Henri ...; show less...

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NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Biological Scien ...; and Genetics

Articles in the publication: Genome Research

By the university: Linköping University

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