Post-COVID sequelae effect in chronic fatigue syndrome: SARS-CoV-2 triggers latent adenovirus in the oral mucosa

Hannestad, UlfLinköpings universitet,Avdelningen för cellbiologi,Medicinska fakulteten (författare)

The post-viral fatigue syndromes long COVID and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) have multiple, potentially overlapping, pathological processes. These include persisting reservoirs of virus, e.g., SARS-CoV-2 in long COVID patients tissues, immune dysregulation with or without reactivation of underlying pathogens, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6), as we recently described in ME/CFS, and possibly yet unidentified viruses. In the present study we tested saliva samples from two cohorts for IgG against human adenovirus (HAdV): patients with ME/CFS (n = 84) and healthy controls (n = 94), with either mild/asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection or no infection. A significantly elevated anti-HAdV IgG response after SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected exclusively in the patient cohort. Longitudinal/time analysis, before and after COVID-19, in the very same individuals confirmed HAdV IgG elevation after. In plasma there was no HAdV IgG elevation. We conclude that COVID-19 triggered reactivation of dormant HAdV in the oral mucosa of chronic fatigue patients indicating an exhausted dysfunctional antiviral immune response in ME/CFS, allowing reactivation of adenovirus upon stress encounter such as COVID-19. These novel findings should be considered in clinical practice for identification of patients that may benefit from therapy that targets HAdV as well.

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Infektionsmedicin hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Infectious Medicine hsv//eng
post-COVID condition; SARS-CoV-2; myalgic encephalomyelitis; chronic fatigue syndrome; ME; CFS; human adenovirus (HAdV); saliva antibodies; oral mucosa immune response

Apostolou, EiriniLinköpings universitet,Avdelningen för cellbiologi,Medicinska fakulteten(Swepub:liu)eirap47 (författare)
Sjogren, PerKarolinska Inst, Sweden; Bragee Clin, Sweden (författare)
Bragee, BjornKarolinska Inst, Sweden; Bragee Clin, Sweden (författare)
Polo, OlliBragee Clin, Sweden (författare)
Bertilson, Bo ChristerKarolinska Inst, Sweden; Bragee Clin, Sweden (författare)
Rosén, AndersLinköpings universitet,Avdelningen för cellbiologi,Medicinska fakulteten(Swepub:liu)andro72 (författare)
Linköpings universitetAvdelningen för cellbiologi (creator_code:org_t)

Av författaren/redakt...: Hannestad, Ulf; Apostolou, Eirin ...; Sjogren, Per; Bragee, Bjorn; Polo, Olli; Bertilson, Bo Ch ...; visa fler...; Rosén, Anders; visa färre...

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