Changes in social norms during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic across 43 countries

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Andrighetto, GiuliaLinköpings universitet,Institutet för analytisk sociologi, IAS,Filosofiska fakulteten,Natl Res Council Italy, Inst Cognit Sci & Technol, Rome, Italy.;Inst Futures Studies, Stockholm, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Inst Analyt Sociol, Linköping, Sweden. (author)

Changes in social norms during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic across 43 countries

Article/chapterEnglish2024

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NATURE PORTFOLIO,2024
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:liu-201685
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-201685URI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-44999-5DOI
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-66276URI
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-227974URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

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Funding Agencies|Knut and Wallenberg Grant "How do human norms form and change?" [870827]; Swedish Research Council grant "Norms & Risk: Do social norms help dealing with collective threats" [2021-06271]; Ministero dell'Istruzione dell'Universita e della Ricerca, PRIN 2017 [20178TRM3F]; Universidad de Los Andes; Fondo Vicerrectoria de Investigaciones; Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary; National Research, Development and Innovation Fund [NKFIH-OTKA K135963]; Czech Science Foundation [23-061770 S]; Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences [RVO: 68081740]; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, VI.Veni; RA Science Committee; European Commission, Horizon 2020 [PID2022-141802NB-I00]; Open University of Israel; UKRI Grant "Secret Power"; HSE University Basic Research Program; European Commission's "European Research Council - STG" Scheme [W911NF-19-1-910281]; MCIN/AEI; ERDF A way of making Europe; US Army Research Office [2016.0167]; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; [511687]; [EP/X02170X/1]; [20TTSH-070]; [019.183SG.001]; [201 G.013]
The emergence of COVID-19 dramatically changed social behavior across societies and contexts. Here we study whether social norms also changed. Specifically, we study this question for cultural tightness (the degree to which societies generally have strong norms), specific social norms (e.g. stealing, hand washing), and norms about enforcement, using survey data from 30,431 respondents in 43 countries recorded before and in the early stages following the emergence of COVID-19. Using variation in disease intensity, we shed light on the mechanisms predicting changes in social norm measures. We find evidence that, after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, hand washing norms increased while tightness and punishing frequency slightly decreased but observe no evidence for a robust change in most other norms. Thus, at least in the short term, our findings suggest that cultures are largely stable to pandemic threats except in those norms, hand washing in this case, that are perceived to be directly relevant to dealing with the collective threat. Tightness-looseness theory predicts that social norms strengthen following threat. Here the authors test this and find that, after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, hand washing norms increased, but no evidence was observed for a robust change in most other norms.

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Szekely, AronNatl Res Council Italy, Inst Cognit Sci & Technol, Rome, Italy.;Coll Carlo Alberto, Turin, Italy. (author)
Guido, AndreaNatl Res Council Italy, Inst Cognit Sci & Technol, Rome, Italy.;Inst Futures Studies, Stockholm, Sweden.;Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, Burgundy Sch Business, CEREN EA 7477, Dijon, France. (author)
Gelfand, MicheleStanford Univ, Grad Sch Business, Stanford, CA USA.;Stanford Univ, Dept Psychol, Stanford, CA USA. (author)
Abemathy, JeredUniv South Carolina, Dept Sociol, Columbia, SC USA. (author)
Arikan, GizemTrinity Coll Dublin, Dept Polit Sci, Dublin, Ireland. (author)
Aycan, ZeynepKoc Univ, Dept Psychol, Istanbul, Turkiye.;Koc Univ, Fac Management, Istanbul, Turkiye. (author)
Bankar, ShwetaAshoka Univ, Sonipat, India. (author)
Barrera, DavideColl Carlo Alberto, Turin, Italy.;Univ Turin, Dept Culture Polit & Soc, Turin, Italy. (author)
Basnight-Brown, DanaUS Int Univ Africa, Nairobi, Kenya. (author)
Belaus, AnabelConsejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn CONICET, Inst Invest Psicol IIPsi, Cordoba, Argentina.;Univ Nacl Cordoba, Fac Psicol, Cordoba, Argentina. (author)
Berezina, ElizavetaSunway Univ, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia. (author)
Blumen, SheylaPontificia Univ Catolica Peru, Dept Psicol, Lima, Peru. (author)
Boski, PawelSWPS Univ, Warsaw, Poland. (author)
Bui, Huyen Thi ThuHanoi Natl Univ Educ, Vietnam (author)
Camilo Cardenas, JuanUniv Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia.;Univ Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA USA. (author)
Cekrlija, DordeUniv Banja Luka, Fac Philosophy, Banja Luka, Bosnia & Herceg.;Univ Greifswald, Inst Psychol, Greifswald, Germany. (author)
de Barra, MichealBrunel Univ London, Ctr Culture & Evolut, Uxbridge, Middx, England. (author)
de Zoysa, PiyanjaliUniv Colombo, Fac Med, Colombo, Sri Lanka. (author)
Dorrough, AngelaUniv Cologne, Dept Psychol, Cologne, Germany. (author)
Engelmann, Jan B.Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam Sch Econ, Ctr Res Expt Econ & Polit Decis Making CREED, Amsterdam, Netherlands. (author)
Euh, HyunUniv Illinois, Gies Coll Business, Champaign, IL USA. (author)
Fiedler, SusannVienna Univ Econ & Business, Vienna, Austria. (author)
Foster-Gimbel, OliviaNYU, Sch Business, New York, NY USA. (author)
Freitas, GoncaloUniv Lisbon, Inst Ciencias Sociais, Lisbon, Portugal. (author)
Fulop, MartaHUN REN Inst Cognit Neurosci & Psychol, Res Ctr Nat Sci, Budapest, Hungary.;Karoli Gaspar Univ Reformed Churches, Inst Psychol, Budapest, Hungary. (author)
Gardarsdottir, Ragna B.Univ Iceland, Fac Psychol, Reykjavik, Iceland. (author)
Gill, Colin Mathew Hugues D.Sunway Univ, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.;Universal Coll Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. (author)
Gloeckner, AndreasUniv Cologne, Dept Psychol, Cologne, Germany. (author)
Graf, SylvieCzech Acad Sci, Inst Psychol, Brno, Czech Republic. (author)
Grigoryan, AniYerevan State Univ, Dept Personal Psychol, Yerevan, Armenia. (author)
Growiec, KatarzynaSWPS Univ, Warsaw, Poland. (author)
Hashimoto, HirofumiOsaka Metropolitan Univ, Osaka, Japan. (author)
Hopthrow, TimUniv Kent, Sch Psychol, Canterbury, Kent, England. (author)
Hrebickova, MartinaCzech Acad Sci, Inst Psychol, Brno, Czech Republic. (author)
Imada, HirotakaRoyal Holloway Univ London, Egham, Surrey, England. (author)
Kamijo, YoshioWaseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. (author)
Kapoor, HansikaMonk Prayogshala, Dept Psychol, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. (author)
Kashima, YoshihisaUniv Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Psychol Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. (author)
Khachatryan, NarineYerevan State Univ, Dept Personal Psychol, Yerevan, Armenia. (author)
Kharchenko, NataliaKyiv Int Inst Sociol, Kiev, Ukraine. (author)
Leon, DianaDeJusticia, Bogota, Colombia. (author)
Leslie, Lisa M.NYU, Sch Business, New York, NY USA.,Trinity Coll Dublin, Dept Polit Sci, Dublin, Ireland. (author)
Li, YangNagoya Univ, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. (author)
Liik, KadiTallinn Univ, Sch Nat Sci & Hlth, Tallinn, Estonia. (author)
Liuzza, Marco TullioMagna Graecia Univ Catanzaro, Dept Med & Surg Sci, Catanzaro, Italy. (author)
Maitner, Angela T.Amer Univ Sharjah, Dept Psychol, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates. (author)
Mamidi, PavanAshoka Univ, Sonipat, India. (author)
McArdle, MicheleTrinity Coll Dublin, Ireland,Vrije Univ, Dept Expt & Appl Psychol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. (author)
Medhioub, ImedImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic Univ, Dept Finance & Investment, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. (author)
Mendes Teixeira, Maria LuisaPresbyterian Mackenzie Univ, Sao Paulo, Brazil. (author)
Mentser, SariHebrew Univ Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. (author)
Morales, FranciscoUniv Andes, Santiago, Chile. (author)
Narayanan, JayanthNortheastern Univ, Boston, MA USA. (author)
Nitta, KoheiRitsumeikan Univ, Shiga, Japan. (author)
Nussinson, RavitOpen Univ Israel, Dept Educ & Psychol, Raanana, Israel.;Univ Haifa, IIPDM, Haifa, Israel. (author)
Onyedire, Nneoma G.Univ Nigeria, Dept Psychol, Nsukka, Nigeria. (author)
Onyishi, Ike E.Univ Nigeria, Dept Psychol, Nsukka, Nigeria. (author)
Osin, EvgenyHSE Univ, Moscow, Russia. (author)
Ozden, SenihaKoc Univ, Dept Psychol, Istanbul, Turkiye. (author)
Panagiotopoulou, PennyUniv Patras, Dept Educ & Social Work, Patras, Greece.,Univ San Francisco Quito, Sch Econ, Quito, Ecuador.;Univ San Francisco Quito, ECEL, Quito, Ecuador. (author)
Pereverziev, OleksandrPOLLSTER, Kiev, Ukraine. (author)
Perez-Floriano, Lorena R.Univ Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile. (author)
Pirttila-Backman, Anna-MaijaUniv Helsinki, Fac Social Sci, Social Psychol, Helsinki, Finland. (author)
Pogosyan, MariannaUniv Amsterdam, Amsterdam Business Sch ABS, Leadership & Management, Amsterdam, Netherlands. (author)
Raver, JanaQueens Univ, Kingston, ON, Canada. (author)
Reyna, CeciliaConsejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn CONICET, Inst Invest Psicol IIPsi, Cordoba, Argentina. (author)
Rodrigues, Ricardo BorgesInst Univ Lisboa ISCTE IUL, Ctr Invest & Intervencao Social, Lisbon, Portugal. (author)
Romano, SaraUniv Turin, Dept Culture Polit & Soc, Turin, Italy. (author)
Romero, Pedro P.Univ San Francisco Quito, Ecuador (author)
Sakki, InariUniv Helsinki, Fac Social Sci, Social Psychol, Helsinki, Finland. (author)
Sanchez, AngelUniv Carlos III Madrid, Dept Matemat, GISC, Leganes, Spain.;Univ Zaragoza, Inst Biocomputac & Fis Sistemas Complejos BIFI, Zaragoza, Spain. (author)
Sherbaji, SaraAmer Univ Sharjah, Dept Psychol, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates.;UCL, Dept Anthropol, London, England. (author)
Simpson, BrentUniv South Carolina, Dept Sociol, Columbia, SC USA. (author)
Spadoni, LorenzoUniv Cassino & Southern Lazio, Dept Econ & Law, Cassino, FR, Italy. (author)
Stamkou, EftychiaUniv Amsterdam, Dept Psychol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. (author)
Travaglino, Giovanni A.Royal Holloway Univ London, Egham, Surrey, England. (author)
Van Lange, Paul A. M.Vrije Univ, Netherlands (author)
Winata, Fiona FiraUniv Airlangga, Fac Psychol, Surabaya, Indonesia. (author)
Zein, Rizqy AmeliaUniv Airlangga, Fac Psychol, Surabaya, Indonesia. (author)
Zhang, Qing-pengGuangzhou Univ, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. (author)
Eriksson, Kimmo,1967-Stockholms universitet,Mälardalens universitet,Utbildningsvetenskap och Matematik,Inst Futures Studies, Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Ctr Cultural Evolut, Stockholm,Institutionen för arkeologi och antikens kultur,Centrum för evolutionär kulturforskning. Mälardalen University, Sweden,Inst Futures Studies, Sweden; Stockholm Univ, Sweden; Malardalens Univ, Sweden(Swepub:mdh)ken05 (author)
Linköpings universitetInstitutet för analytisk sociologi, IAS (creator_code:org_t)

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By the author/editor: Andrighetto, Giu ...; Szekely, Aron; Guido, Andrea; Gelfand, Michele; Abemathy, Jered; Arikan, Gizem; show more...; Aycan, Zeynep; Bankar, Shweta; Barrera, Davide; Basnight-Brown, ...; Belaus, Anabel; Berezina, Elizav ...; Blumen, Sheyla; Boski, Pawel; Bui, Huyen Thi T ...; Camilo Cardenas, ...; Cekrlija, Dorde; de Barra, Michea ...; de Zoysa, Piyanj ...; Dorrough, Angela; Engelmann, Jan B ...; Euh, Hyun; Fiedler, Susann; Foster-Gimbel, O ...; Freitas, Goncalo; Fulop, Marta; Gardarsdottir, R ...; Gill, Colin Math ...; Gloeckner, Andre ...; Graf, Sylvie; Grigoryan, Ani; Growiec, Katarzy ...; Hashimoto, Hirof ...; Hopthrow, Tim; Hrebickova, Mart ...; Imada, Hirotaka; Kamijo, Yoshio; Kapoor, Hansika; Kashima, Yoshihi ...; Khachatryan, Nar ...; Kharchenko, Nata ...; Leon, Diana; Leslie, Lisa M.; Li, Yang; Liik, Kadi; Liuzza, Marco Tu ...; Maitner, Angela ...; Mamidi, Pavan; McArdle, Michele; Medhioub, Imed; Mendes Teixeira, ...; Mentser, Sari; Morales, Francis ...; Narayanan, Jayan ...; Nitta, Kohei; Nussinson, Ravit; Onyedire, Nneoma ...; Onyishi, Ike E.; Osin, Evgeny; Ozden, Seniha; Panagiotopoulou, ...; Pereverziev, Ole ...; Perez-Floriano, ...; Pirttila-Backman ...; Pogosyan, Marian ...; Raver, Jana; Reyna, Cecilia; Rodrigues, Ricar ...; Romano, Sara; Romero, Pedro P.; Sakki, Inari; Sanchez, Angel; Sherbaji, Sara; Simpson, Brent; Spadoni, Lorenzo; Stamkou, Eftychi ...; Travaglino, Giov ...; Van Lange, Paul ...; Winata, Fiona Fi ...; Zein, Rizqy Amel ...; Zhang, Qing-peng; Eriksson, Kimmo, ...; show less...

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