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Bottom-up driven sp...
Bottom-up driven speechreading in a speechreading expert : The case of AA (JK023)
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- Andersson, Ulf (författare)
- Linköpings universitet,Psykologi,Filosofiska fakulteten,Institutet för handikappvetenskap (IHV)
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- Lidestam, Björn (författare)
- Linköpings universitet,Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande,Filosofiska fakulteten,Institutet för handikappvetenskap (IHV)
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(creator_code:org_t)
- Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2005
- 2005
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Ear and Hearing. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0196-0202 .- 1538-4667. ; 26:2, s. 214-224
- Relaterad länk:
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Objective: This case study tested the threshold hypothesis (Rönnberg et al., 1998), which states that superior speechreading skill is possible only if high-order cognitive functions, such as capacious verbal working memory, enable efficient strategies. Design: In a case study, a speechreading expert (AA) was tested on a number of speechreading and cognitive tasks and compared with control groups (z scores). Sentence-based speechreading tests, a word-decoding test, and a phoneme identification task were used to assess speechreading skill at different analytical levels. The cognitive test battery used included tasks of working memory (e.g., reading span), inference-making, phonological processing (e.g., rhyme-judgment), and central-executive functions (verbal fluency, Stroop task). Results: Contrary to previous cases of extreme speechreading skill, AA excels on both low-order (phoneme identification: z = +2.83) and high-order (sentence-based: z = +8.12 and word-decoding: z = +4.21) speechreading tasks. AA does not display superior verbal inference-making ability (sentence-completion task: z = -0.36). Neither does he possess a superior working memory (reading span: z = +0.80). However, AA outperforms the controls on two measures of executive retrieval functions, the semantic (z = +3.77) and phonological verbal fluency tasks (z = +3.55). Conclusions: The performance profile is inconsistent with the threshold hypothesis. Extreme speechreading accuracy can be obtained in ways other than via well-developed high-order cognitive functions. It is suggested that AA's extreme speechreading skill, which capitalizes on low-order functions in combination with efficient central executive functions, is due to early onset of hearing impairment. Copyright © 2005 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Nyckelord
- Speechreading; Hearing loss; Cognitive skills; Phonological processing; Bottom-up processes; Top-down processes
- SOCIAL SCIENCES
- SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- ref (ämneskategori)
- art (ämneskategori)
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