Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends: An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries

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Pirkis, JaneUniv Melbourne, Australia (author)

Suicide numbers during the first 9-15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with pre-existing trends : An interrupted time series analysis in 33 countries

Article/chapterEnglish2022

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Elsevier,2022
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:lnu-119114
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-119114URI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101573DOI
http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:151600913URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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SwePubSwePub

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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

Notes

Background Predicted increases in suicide were not generally observed in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the picture may be changing and patterns might vary across demographic groups. We aimed to provide a timely, granular picture of the pandemic's impact on suicides globally. Methods We identified suicide data from official public-sector sources for countries/areas-within-countries, searching websites and academic literature and contacting data custodians and authors as necessary. We sent our first data request on 22nd June 2021 and stopped collecting data on 31st October 2021. We used interrupted time series (ITS) analyses to model the association between the pandemic's emergence and total suicides and suicides by sex-, age-and sex-by-age in each country/area-within-country. We compared the observed and expected numbers of suicides in the pandemic's first nine and first 10-15 months and used meta-regression to explore sources of variation. Findings We sourced data from 33 countries (24 high-income, six upper-middle-income, three lower-middle-income; 25 with whole-country data, 12 with data for area(s)-within-the-country, four with both). There was no evidence of greater-than-expected numbers of suicides in the majority of countries/areas-within-countries in any analysis; more commonly, there was evidence of lower-than-expected numbers. Certain sex, age and sex-by-age groups stood out as potentially concerning, but these were not consistent across countries/areas-within-countries. In the meta-regression, different patterns were not explained by countries' COVID-19 mortality rate, stringency of public health response, economic support level, or presence of a national suicide prevention strategy. Nor were they explained by countries' income level, although the meta-regression only included data from high-income and upper-middle-income countries, and there were suggestions from the ITS analyses that lower-middle-income countries fared less well. Interpretation Although there are some countries/areas-within-countries where overall suicide numbers and numbers for certain sex- and age-based groups are greater-than-expected, these countries/areas-within-countries are in the minority. Any upward movement in suicide numbers in any place or group is concerning, and we need to remain alert to and respond to changes as the pandemic and its mental health and economic consequences continue. Copyright (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Subject headings and genre

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Hälsovetenskap Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Health Sciences Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Psykiatri hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Psychiatry hsv//eng
Suicide
COVID-19
Pandemic
Monitoring
Medicin
Medicine

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Gunnell, DavidUniv Bristol, UK (author)
Shin, SangsooUniv Melbourne, Australia (author)
Del Pozo-Banos, MarcosSwansea Univ Med Sch, UK (author)
Arya, VikasUniv Melbourne, Australia (author)
Aguilar, Pablo AnaluisaMinist Publ Hlth, Ecuador (author)
Appleby, LouisUniv Manchester, UK (author)
Arafat, S. M. YasirEnam Med Coll & Hosp, Bangladesh (author)
Arensman, EllaUniv Coll Cork, Ireland;Griffith Univ, Australia (author)
Ayuso-Mateos, Jose LuisUniv Autonoma Madrid, Spain (author)
Balhara, Yatan Pal SinghAll India Inst Med Sci, India (author)
Bantjes, JasonSouth African Med Res Council, South Africa;Stellenbosch Univ, South Africa (author)
Baran, AnnaLinnéuniversitetet,Institutionen för medicin och optometri (MEO),Minist Hlth, Poland;Blekinge Hospital, Sweden(Swepub:lnu)anbaah (author)
Behera, ChittaranjanAll India Inst Med Sci, India (author)
Bertolote, JoseUniv Estadual Paulista UNESP, Brazil (author)
Borges, GuilhermeInst Nacl Psiquiatr Ramon de la Fuente Muniz, Mexico (author)
Bray, MichaelJohns Hopkins Univ, USA (author)
Brecic, PetranaUniv Psychiat Hosp Vrapce, Croatia;Univ Zagreb, Croatia (author)
Caine, EricUniv Rochester Med Ctr, USA (author)
Calati, RaffaellaUniv Milano Bicocca, Italy;Nimes Univ Hosp, France (author)
Carli, VladimirKarolinska Institutet, Sweden (author)
Castelpietra, GiulioCent Hlth Directorate, Italy (author)
Chan, Lai FongNatl Univ Malaysia, Malaysia (author)
Chang, Shu-SenNatl Taiwan Univ, Taiwan (author)
Colchester, DavidThames Valley Police, UK (author)
Coss-Guzman, MariaPuerto Rico Dept Hlth, USA (author)
Crompton, DavidGriffith Univ, Australia (author)
Curkovic, MarkoUniv Zagreb, Croatia;Univ Psychiat Hosp Vrapce, Croatia (author)
Dandona, RakhiPubl Hlth Fdn India, India;Univ Washington, USA (author)
De Jaegere, EvaUniv Ghent, Belgium (author)
De Leo, DiegoGriffith Univ, Australia (author)
Deisenhammer, Eberhard A.Med Univ Innsbruck, Austria (author)
Dwyer, JeremyCoroners Court Victoria, Australia (author)
Erlangsen, AnnetteMental Hlth Ctr Copenhagen, Denmark;Copenhagen Res Ctr Mental Hlth, Denmark;Australian Natl Univ, Australia;Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, USA (author)
Faust, Jeremy S.Harvard Med Sch, USA (author)
Fornaro, MicheleFederico II Univ Naples, Italy (author)
Fortune, SarahUniv Auckland, New Zealand (author)
Garrett, AndrewTasmanian Magistrates Court, Australia (author)
Gentile, GuendalinaUniv Milan, Italy (author)
Gerstner, RebekkaMinist Publ Hlth, Germany (author)
Gilissen, Renske113 Suicide Prevention, Netherlands (author)
Gould, MadelynColumbia Univ Med Ctr, USA (author)
Gupta, Sudhir KumarAll India Inst Med Sci, India (author)
Hawton, KeithUniv Oxford, UK (author)
Holz, FranziskaGoethe Univ Frankfurt, Germany (author)
Kamenshchikov, IuriiUdmurtia Republican Clin Psychiat Hosp, Russia (author)
Kapur, NavneetUniv Manchester, UK;Greater Manchester Mental Hlth NHS Fdn Trust, UK (author)
Kasal, AlexandrNatl Inst Mental Hlth, Czech Republic;Charles Univ Prague, Czech Republic (author)
Khan, MuradAga Khan Univ, Pakistan (author)
Kirtley, Olivia J.Katholieke Univ Leuven, Belgium (author)
Knipe, DuleekaUniv Bristol, UK (author)
Kolves, KairiGriffith Univ, Australia (author)
Kolzer, Sarah C.Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Germany (author)
Krivda, HryhoriiOdessa Natl Med Univ, Ukraine (author)
Leske, StuartGriffith Univ, Australia (author)
Madeddu, FabioUniv Milano Bicocca, Italy (author)
Marshall, AndrewHarvard Med Sch, USA (author)
Memon, AnjumBrighton & Sussex Med Sch, UK (author)
Mittendorfer-Rutz, EllenorKarolinska Institutet (author)
Nestadt, PaulJohns Hopkins Univ, USA (author)
Neznanov, NikolayBekhterev Natl Med Res Ctr Psychiat & Neurol, Russia;Pavlov First St Petersburg State Med Univ, Russia (author)
Niederkrotenthaler, ThomasMed Univ Vienna, Austria (author)
Nielsen, EmmaUniv Nottingham, UK (author)
Nordentoft, MereteMental Hlth Ctr Copenhagen, Denmark (author)
Oberlerchner, HerwigKlinikum Klagenfurt Worthersee, Austria (author)
O'Connor, Rory C.Univ Glasgow, UK (author)
Papsdorf, RainerUniv Hosp Leipzig, Germany (author)
Partonen, TimoFinnish Inst Hlth & Welf, Finland (author)
Phillips, Michael R.Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, China;Columbia Univ, USA (author)
Platt, SteveUniv Edinburgh, UK (author)
Portzky, GwendolynUniv Ghent, Belgium (author)
Psota, GeorgPsychosocial Serv Vienna, Austria (author)
Qin, PingUniv Oslo, Norway (author)
Radeloff, DanielUniv Hosp Leipzig, Germany (author)
Reif, AndreasGoethe Univ, Germany (author)
Reif-Leonhard, ChristineGoethe Univ, Germany (author)
Rezaeian, MohsenRafsanjan Univ Med Sci, Iran (author)
Roman-Vazquez, NaydaPuerto Rico Dept Hlth, USA (author)
Roskar, SaskaNatl Inst Publ Hlth, Slovenia (author)
Rozanov, VsevolodBekhterev Natl Med Res Ctr Psychiat & Neurol, Russia;St Petersburg State Univ, Russia (author)
Sara, GrantNSW Minist Hlth, Australia (author)
Scavacini, KarenInst Vita Alere, Brazil (author)
Schneider, BarbaraGoethe Univ, Germany;LVR Klin Köln, Germany (author)
Semenova, NataliaBekhterev Natl Med Res Ctr Psychiat & Neurol, Russia (author)
Sinyor, MarkSunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Canada;Univ Toronto, Canada (author)
Tambuzzi, StefanoUniv Milan, Italy (author)
Townsend, EllenUniv Nottingham, UK (author)
Ueda, MichikoWaseda Univ, Japan (author)
Wasserman, DanutaKarolinska Institutet, Sweden (author)
Webb, Roger T.Univ Manchester, UK (author)
Winkler, PetrNatl Inst Mental Hlth, Czech Republic (author)
Yip, Paul S. F.Univ Hong Kong, China (author)
Zalsman, GilTel Aviv Univ, Israel (author)
Zoja, RiccardoUniv Milan, Italy (author)
John, AnnSwansea Univ Med Sch, UK (author)
Spittal, Matthew J.Univ Melbourne, Australia (author)
Univ Melbourne, AustraliaUniv Bristol, UK (creator_code:org_t)

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By the author/editor: Pirkis, Jane; Gunnell, David; Shin, Sangsoo; Del Pozo-Banos, ...; Arya, Vikas; Aguilar, Pablo A ...; show more...; Appleby, Louis; Arafat, S. M. Ya ...; Arensman, Ella; Ayuso-Mateos, Jo ...; Balhara, Yatan P ...; Bantjes, Jason; Baran, Anna; Behera, Chittara ...; Bertolote, Jose; Borges, Guilherm ...; Bray, Michael; Brecic, Petrana; Caine, Eric; Calati, Raffaell ...; Carli, Vladimir; Castelpietra, Gi ...; Chan, Lai Fong; Chang, Shu-Sen; Colchester, Davi ...; Coss-Guzman, Mar ...; Crompton, David; Curkovic, Marko; Dandona, Rakhi; De Jaegere, Eva; De Leo, Diego; Deisenhammer, Eb ...; Dwyer, Jeremy; Erlangsen, Annet ...; Faust, Jeremy S.; Fornaro, Michele; Fortune, Sarah; Garrett, Andrew; Gentile, Guendal ...; Gerstner, Rebekk ...; Gilissen, Renske; Gould, Madelyn; Gupta, Sudhir Ku ...; Hawton, Keith; Holz, Franziska; Kamenshchikov, I ...; Kapur, Navneet; Kasal, Alexandr; Khan, Murad; Kirtley, Olivia ...; Knipe, Duleeka; Kolves, Kairi; Kolzer, Sarah C.; Krivda, Hryhorii; Leske, Stuart; Madeddu, Fabio; Marshall, Andrew; Memon, Anjum; Mittendorfer-Rut ...; Nestadt, Paul; Neznanov, Nikola ...; Niederkrotenthal ...; Nielsen, Emma; Nordentoft, Mere ...; Oberlerchner, He ...; O'Connor, Rory C ...; Papsdorf, Rainer; Partonen, Timo; Phillips, Michae ...; Platt, Steve; Portzky, Gwendol ...; Psota, Georg; Qin, Ping; Radeloff, Daniel; Reif, Andreas; Reif-Leonhard, C ...; Rezaeian, Mohsen; Roman-Vazquez, N ...; Roskar, Saska; Rozanov, Vsevolo ...; Sara, Grant; Scavacini, Karen; Schneider, Barba ...; Semenova, Natali ...; Sinyor, Mark; Tambuzzi, Stefan ...; Townsend, Ellen; Ueda, Michiko; Wasserman, Danut ...; Webb, Roger T.; Winkler, Petr; Yip, Paul S. F.; Zalsman, Gil; Zoja, Riccardo; John, Ann; Spittal, Matthew ...; show less...

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