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Reproduction of mel...
Reproduction of melting behavior for vitrified hillforts based on amphibolite, granite, and basalt lithologies
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- McCloy, John S. (author)
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA; Materials Science and Engineering Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shefeld, Shefeld, UK; Pacifc Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
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- Marcial, José (author)
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA; Pacifc Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
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- Clarke, Jack S. (author)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shefeld, Shefeld, UK
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- Ahmadzadeh, Mostafa (author)
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA; Materials Science and Engineering Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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- Wolf, John A. (author)
- School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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- Vicenzi, Edward P. (author)
- Museum Conservation Institute, Smithsonian Institution, Suitland, MD, USA
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- Bollinger, David L. (author)
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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- Ogenhall, Erik (author)
- The Archaeologists, National Historical Museums (SHM), Uppsala, Sweden
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- Englund, Mia (author)
- The Archaeologists, National Historical Museums (SHM), Uppsala, Sweden
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- Pearce, Carolyn I. (author)
- Pacifc Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
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- Sjöblom, Rolf (author)
- Luleå tekniska universitet,Geovetenskap och miljöteknik
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- Kruger, Albert A. (author)
- US Department of Energy, Richland, WA, USA
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2021-01-14
- 2021
- English.
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 11
- Related links:
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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https://www.nature.c...
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Abstract
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- European Bronze and Iron Age vitrified hillforts have been known since the 1700s, but archaeological interpretations regarding their function and use are still debated. We carried out a series of experiments to constrain conditions that led to the vitrification of the inner wall rocks in the hillfort at Broborg, Sweden. Potential source rocks were collected locally and heat treated in the laboratory, varying maximum temperature, cooling rate, and starting particle size. Crystalline and amorphous phases were quantified using X-ray diffraction both in situ, during heating and cooling, and ex situ, after heating and quenching. Textures, phases, and glass compositions obtained were compared with those for rock samples from the vitrified part of the wall, as well as with equilibrium crystallization calculations. ‘Dark glass’ and its associated minerals formed from amphibolite or dolerite rocks melted at 1000–1200 °C under reducing atmosphere then slow cooled. ‘Clear glass’ formed from non-equilibrium partial melting of feldspar in granitoid rocks. This study aids archaeological forensic investigation of vitrified hillforts and interpretation of source rock material by mapping mineralogical changes and glass production under various heating conditions.
Subject headings
- TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER -- Naturresursteknik -- Annan naturresursteknik (hsv//swe)
- ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY -- Environmental Engineering -- Other Environmental Engineering (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Avfallsteknik
- Waste Science and Technology
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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- By the author/editor
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McCloy, John S.
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Marcial, José
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Clarke, Jack S.
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Ahmadzadeh, Most ...
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Wolf, John A.
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Vicenzi, Edward ...
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show more...
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Bollinger, David ...
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Ogenhall, Erik
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Englund, Mia
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Pearce, Carolyn ...
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Sjöblom, Rolf
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Kruger, Albert A ...
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show less...
- About the subject
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- ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
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ENGINEERING AND ...
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and Environmental En ...
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and Other Environmen ...
- Articles in the publication
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Scientific Repor ...
- By the university
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Luleå University of Technology