Energy Flow Based Risk Analysis for Operating A Standalone Solar-Hydrogen Nanogrid in Northern Scandinavia

• In this paper, an energy flow model for a standalone nanogrid was used to calculate the needed hydrogen storage for operation in northern Scandinavia where the electricity was produced from solar photovoltaics. A range of different input parameters such as annual energy consumption, solar production, consumption pattern and heating system was used to obtain a range of optimal system design parameters. From this, two average system configurations were created for two heating systems based on the results from simulated solar data with 2-axis solar tracking and no solar tracking. The average value from the results at 30 MWh of annual energy consumption was used since it is the average energy consumption for a household in northern Sweden. The average system configuration was applied for 15 to 40 MWh of annual energy consumption using 3 measured solar production datasets and 37 different consumption patterns to study the risk for depleting the hydrogen storage and counter measures to avoid depletion. The results show that energy saving measures must be taken during the winter in order to avoid depletion of the hydrogen energy storage, which in turn avoids a sustained interruption until the spring. It was concluded that if 2-axis solar tracking was used instead of no tracking and a stove was used for heating instead of using a heat pump, the probability for depleting the hydrogen storage reduced by 25% to 47.9% at 30 to 40 MWh of annual energy consumption in the nanogrid.

Ämnesord

TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER  -- Maskinteknik -- Energiteknik (hsv//swe)

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY  -- Mechanical Engineering -- Energy Engineering (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Energy storage

Hydrogen storage

Islanding

Microgrids

Risk analysis

Electric Power Engineering

Elkraftteknik

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