Genomic evolution of Neisseria gonorrhoeae since the preantibiotic era (1928-2013): antimicrobial use/misuse selects for resistance and drives evolution

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Golparian, Daniel,1984-Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and other Sexually Transmitted Infections, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health (author)

Genomic evolution of Neisseria gonorrhoeae since the preantibiotic era (1928-2013) : antimicrobial use/misuse selects for resistance and drives evolution

Article/chapterEnglish2020

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2020-02-03
BioMed Central,2020
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:oru-79946
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-79946URI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-6511-6DOI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Funding Agencies:Örebro County Council Research Committee Foundation for Medical Research at Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden Örebro University
BACKGROUND: Multidrug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains are prevalent, threatening gonorrhoea treatment globally, and understanding of emergence, evolution, and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in gonococci remains limited. We describe the genomic evolution of gonococci and their AMR, related to the introduction of antimicrobial therapies, examining isolates from 1928 (preantibiotic era) to 2013 in Denmark. This is, to our knowledge, the oldest gonococcal collection globally.METHODS: Lyophilised isolates were revived and examined using Etest (18 antimicrobials) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Quality-assured genome sequences were obtained for 191 viable and 40 non-viable isolates and analysed with multiple phylogenomic approaches.RESULTS: Gonococcal AMR, including an accumulation of multiple AMR determinants, started to emerge particularly in the 1950s-1970s. By the twenty-first century, resistance to most antimicrobials was common. Despite that some AMR determinants affect many physiological functions and fitness, AMR determinants were mainly selected by the use/misuse of gonorrhoea therapeutic antimicrobials. Most AMR developed in strains belonging to one multidrug-resistant (MDR) clade with close to three times higher genomic mutation rate. Modern N. gonorrhoeae was inferred to have emerged in the late-1500s and its genome became increasingly conserved over time.CONCLUSIONS: WGS of gonococci from 1928 to 2013 showed that no AMR determinants, except penB, were in detectable frequency before the introduction of gonorrhoea therapeutic antimicrobials. The modern gonococcus is substantially younger than previously hypothesized and has been evolving into a more clonal species, driven by the use/misuse of antimicrobials. The MDR gonococcal clade should be further investigated for early detection of strains with predispositions to develop and maintain MDR and for initiation of public health interventions.

Subject headings and genre

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Infektionsmedicin hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Infectious Medicine hsv//eng
Antimicrobial resistance
Evolution
Genomic epidemiology
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Temporal analysis
Whole-genome sequencing

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Harris, Simon R.Microbiotica Ltd, Biodata Innovation Centre, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK (author)
Sánchez-Busó, LeonorCentre for Genomic Pathogen Surveillance, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (author)
Hoffmann, SteenInfection Preparedness, Research Unit for Reproductive Tract Microbiology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark (author)
Shafer, William M.Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Laboratories of Bacterial Pathogenesis, VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA (author)
Bentley, Stephen D.Pathogen Genomics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK (author)
Jensen, Jörgen S.Infection Preparedness, Research Unit for Reproductive Tract Microbiology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark (author)
Unemo, Magnus,1970-Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,Region Örebro län,WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and other Sexually Transmitted Infections, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health(Swepub:oru)muo (author)
Örebro universitetInstitutionen för medicinska vetenskaper (creator_code:org_t)

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In:BMC Genomics: BioMed Central21:11471-2164

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