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  • Li, Lin,1989-Karolinska Institutet,Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,Orebro Univ, Sch Med Sci, Orebro, Sweden. (author)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and dietary habits in adulthood : A large population-based twin study in Sweden

  • Article/chapterEnglish2020

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • 2020-10-07
  • John Wiley & Sons,2020
  • printrdacarrier

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:oru-86387
  • https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-86387URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.32825DOI
  • https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-51870URI
  • http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:144864514URI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

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  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

Notes

  • Associations between adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and dietary habits have not been well established and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We explored these associations using a Swedish population-based twin study with 17,999 individuals aged 20-47 years. We estimated correlations between inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity with dietary habits and fitted twin models to determine the genetic and environmental contributions. Dietary habits were defined as (a) consumption of food groups, (b) consumption of food items rich in particular macronutrients, and (c) healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns. At the phenotypic level, inattention was positively correlated with seafood, high-fat, high-sugar, high-protein food consumptions, and unhealthy dietary pattern, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.03 (95%CI: 0.01, 0.05) to 0.13 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.15). Inattention was negatively correlated with fruits, vegetables consumptions and healthy dietary pattern, with correlation coefficients ranging from -0.06 (95%CI: -0.08, -0.04) to -0.07 (95%CI: -0.09, -0.05). Hyperactivity/impulsivity and dietary habits showed similar but weaker patterns compared to inattention. All associations remained stable across age, sex and socioeconomic status. Nonshared environmental effects contributed substantially to the correlations of inattention (56-60%) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (63-80%) with dietary habits. The highest and lowest genetic correlations were between inattention and high-sugar food (rA = .16, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.25), and between hyperactivity/impulsivity and unhealthy dietary pattern (rA = .05, 95% CI: -0.05, 0.14), respectively. We found phenotypic and etiological overlap between ADHD and dietary habits, although these associations were weak. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of common etiological pathways between ADHD symptoms and various dietary habits.

Subject headings and genre

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  • Taylor, Mark J.Karolinska Institutet (author)
  • Bälter, KatarinaKarolinska Institutet,Mälardalens högskola,Hälsa och välfärd,Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden.;Malardalen Univ, Publ Hlth Sci, Vasteras, Sweden. (author)
  • Kuja-Halkola, RalfKarolinska Institutet (author)
  • Chen, QiKarolinska Institutet (author)
  • Hegvik, Tor-ArneDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway,Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden.;Univ Bergen, Dept Biomed, Bergen, Norway. (author)
  • Tate, Ashley E.Karolinska Institutet (author)
  • Chang, ZhengKarolinska Institutet (author)
  • Arias-Vásquez, AlejandroThe Department of Psychiatry & Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands,Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Donders Inst Brain Cognit & Behav, Dept Psychiat & Human Genet, Med Ctr, Nijmegen, Netherlands. (author)
  • Hartman, Catharina A.Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands,Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Psychiat, Groningen, Netherlands. (author)
  • Larsson, Henrik,1975-Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Orebro Univ, Sch Med Sci, S-70182 Orebro, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden.(Swepub:oru)hiln (author)
  • Örebro universitetInstitutionen för medicinska vetenskaper (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: John Wiley & Sons183:8, s. 475-4851552-48411552-485X

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