Ultrafine ash particle formation during waste sludge incineration in fluidized bed reactors

Upprättat; 1998; 20080101 (ohmmar)
Ash formation during the bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) combustion of bark and pulp mill sludge has been studied on an industrial and bench scale. During co-firing in an industrial BFB a submicron fly ash mode was formed via condensation of volatilized K, Na, S and Cl species at 0.05-0.3 μm. The submicron mass mode below 0.3 μm made up 2.2-5.0% of the fly ash, while the share of the supermicron mass fraction was 93.6-97.2%. Elements depleted in the ultrafine ash were Ca, Si, Al, Mg, Fe, Mn, P and Ti. The bench-scale test showed that the ultrafine particle concentration was increased by a higher bed temperature and decreased due to sludge moisture. As, Cd, Pb and Rb were enriched in the ultrafine ash on a bench scale, while Ba, Co, Sr and V were depleted. Cu and Zn were enriched in the ultrafine ash during the combustion of dried sludge, but not when wet sludge was fired. Micron-size ash particles composed of non-volatile species, Ca, Si, Mg, Al, P and Mn, adhered to the bed sand, presumably by surface forces, and sintering densified the ash layer. © 1998 OPA (Overseas Publishers Association) N.V. Published by license under the Gordon and Breach Science Publishers imprint.

In:Combustion Science and Technology: Informa UK Limited134, s. 433-4550010-22021563-521X

By the author/editor: Somppi, J.L.; Kauppinen, E.I.; Kurkela, J.; Tapper, U.; Öhman, Marcus; Nordin, Anders; show more...; Johanson, B.; show less...

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