In vitro stimulation with nontuberculous mycobacteria induced a stronger cytokine response in leukocytes isolated from individuals with latent tuberculosis compared to those isolated from active tuberculosis or cystic fibrosis patients

• Mycobacterium tuberculosis and opportunistic environmental non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can cause severe infection. Why latent tuberculosis infection advances to active disease, and why some individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) develop pulmonary infections with NTM is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effector function of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from individuals with active or latent tuberculosis, individuals with CF with or without pulmonary NTM-infection and healthy controls, by measuring cytokine response to in vitro stimulation with different species of NTMs. The cytokine concentrations of IL-17A, IL-22, IL-23, IL-10, IL12p70 and IFN-γ were measured in PBMC-culture supernatants after stimulation with NTMs. PBMCs from individuals with latent tuberculosis infection showed strong IL-17A, IL-22, and IFN-γ responses compared to individuals with active tuberculosis or CF. IL-10 production was low in both tuberculosis groups compared to the CF groups and controls. This study suggests that IL-17A and IL-22 might be important to keep tuberculosis in a latent phase and that individuals with CF with an ongoing NTM infection seem to have a low cytokine response. © 2024 The Authors

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

BCG vaccine; cytokine; gamma interferon; interleukin 10; interleukin 12p70; interleukin 17; interleukin 22; interleukin 23; interleukin 23p19; interleukin 23p40; tuberculin; unclassified drug; adolescent; adult; aged; Article; atypical mycobacteriosis; atypical Mycobacterium; bacterial strain; BCG vaccination; cell culture; cell isolation; clinical article; commensal Escherichia coli; comparative study; controlled study; cystic fibrosis; cytokine production; cytokine response; density gradient centrifugation; Enterococcus faecalis; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; female; homozygote; human; human cell; in vitro study; laboratory; latent tuberculosis; limit of detection; male; Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus; Mycobacterium avium; Mycobacterium gordonae; Mycobacterium massiliense; nonhuman; peripheral blood mononuclear cell; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; stimulation; Streptococcus mitis; supernatant; Th17 cell; tuberculin test; tuberculosis; viable cell count

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