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  • Naidu, Rohan P. (author)

The synchrony of production and escape : half the bright Lyα emitters at z ≈ 2 have Lyman continuum escape fractions ≈50 per cent

  • Article/chapterEnglish2022

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • 2021-12-11
  • Oxford University Press (OUP),2022
  • printrdacarrier

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:su-203961
  • https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-203961URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab3601DOI

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  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

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  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

Notes

  • The ionizing photon escape fraction [Lyman continuum (LyC) fesc] of star-forming galaxies is the single greatest unknown in the reionization budget. Stochastic sightline effects prohibit the direct separation of LyC leakers from non-leakers at significant redshifts. Here we circumvent this uncertainty by inferring fesc using resolved (R > 4000) Lyman α (Lyα) profiles from the X-SHOOTER Lyα survey at z = 2 (XLS-z2). With empirically motivated criteria, we use Lyα profiles to select leakers (⁠fesc>20 per centfesc>20 per cent⁠) and non-leakers (⁠fesc<5 per centfesc<5 per cent⁠) from a representative sample of >0.2L* Lyman α emitters (LAEs). We use median stacked spectra of these subsets over λrest ≈ 1000–8000 Å to investigate the conditions for LyC fesc. Our stacks show similar mass, metallicity, MUV, and βUV. We find the following differences between leakers versus non-leakers: (i) strong nebular C IV and He II emission versus non-detections; (ii) [O III]/[O II] ≈ 8.5 versus ≈3; (iii) Hα/Hβ indicating no dust versus E(B − V) ≈ 0.3; (iv) Mg II emission close to the systemic velocity versus redshifted, optically thick Mg II; and (v) Lyα fesc of ≈50 per cent≈50 per cent versus ≈10 per cent≈10 per cent⁠. The extreme equivalent widths (EWs) in leakers ([O III]+Hβ≈1100Hβ≈1100 Å rest frame) constrain the characteristic time-scale of LyC escape to ≈3–10 Myr bursts when short-lived stars with the hardest ionizing spectra shine. The defining traits of leakers – extremely ionizing stellar populations, low column densities, a dust-free, high-ionization state interstellar medium (ISM) – occur simultaneously in the fesc>20 per centfesc>20 per cent stack, suggesting they are causally connected, and motivating why indicators like [O III]/[O II] may suffice to constrain fesc at z > 6 with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The leakers comprise half of our sample, have a median LyCfesc≈50 per centfesc≈50 per cent (conservative range: 20−55 per cent20−55 per cent⁠), and an ionizing production efficiency log(ξion/Hz erg−1)≈25.9log⁡(ξion/Hz erg−1)≈25.9 (conservative range: 25.7–25.9). These results show LAEs – the type of galaxies rare at z ≈ 2, but that become the norm at higher redshift – are highly efficient ionizers, with extreme ξion and prolific fesc occurring in sync.

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Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Matthee, Jorryt (author)
  • Oesch, Pascal A. (author)
  • Conroy, Charlie (author)
  • Sobral, David (author)
  • Pezzulli, Gabriele (author)
  • Hayes, Matthew J.Stockholms universitet,Institutionen för astronomi,Oskar Klein-centrum för kosmopartikelfysik (OKC)(Swepub:su)mhaye (author)
  • Erb, Dawn (author)
  • Amorín, Ricardo (author)
  • Gronke, Max (author)
  • Schaerer, Daniel (author)
  • Tacchella, Sandro (author)
  • Kerutt, Josephine (author)
  • Paulino-Afonso, Ana (author)
  • Calhau, João (author)
  • Llerena, Mario (author)
  • Rottgering, Huub (author)
  • Stockholms universitetInstitutionen för astronomi (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Oxford University Press (OUP)510:3, s. 4582-46070035-87111365-2966

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