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- Domellöf, MagnusUmeå universitet,Pediatrik (author)
Iron, zinc, and copper concentrations in breast milk are independent of maternal mineral status.
- Article/chapterEnglish2004
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- 2004
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- LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:umu-16396
- https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-16396URI
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- Language:English
- Summary in:English
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- BACKGROUND: Little is known about the regulation of iron, zinc, and copper in breast milk and the transport of these minerals across the mammary gland epithelium. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to study associations between breast-milk concentrations of iron, zinc, and copper and maternal mineral status. DESIGN: Milk samples from 191 Swedish and Honduran mothers were collected at 9 mo postpartum. Iron, zinc, and copper concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Blood samples from mothers were analyzed for plasma zinc and copper and 4 indexes of iron status: hemoglobin, plasma ferritin, soluble transferrin receptors, and zinc protoporphyrin. Complementary food energy (CFE) intake was used as an inverse proxy for breast-milk intake. RESULTS: Mean (+/-SD) breast-milk concentrations of iron were lower in the Honduran than in the Swedish mothers (0.21 +/- 0.25 compared with 0.29 +/- 0.21 mg/L; P < 0.001), and mean breast-milk concentrations of zinc and copper were higher in the Honduran than in the Swedish mothers [0.70 +/- 0.18 compared with 0.46 +/- 0.26 mg/L (P < 0.001) and 0.16 +/- 0.21 compared with 0.12 +/- 0.22 mg/L (P = 0.001), respectively]. Milk iron was positively correlated with CFE intake (r = 0.24, P = 0.001) but was not significantly correlated with any iron-status variable. Milk zinc was negatively correlated with CFE intake (r = -0.24, P = 0.001) but was not significantly correlated with maternal plasma zinc. Milk copper was not significantly correlated with CFE intake or maternal plasma copper. CONCLUSIONS: Milk iron, zinc, and copper concentrations at 9 mo postpartum are not associated with maternal mineral status, which suggests active transport mechanisms in the mammary gland for all 3 minerals. Milk iron concentrations increase and milk zinc concentrations decrease during weaning [corrected]
Subject headings and genre
- Iron
- zink
- breast milk
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- Lönnerdal, Bo (author)
- Dewey, Kathryn G (author)
- Cohen, Roberta J (author)
- Hernell, OlleUmeå universitet,Pediatrik(Swepub:umu)olhe0002 (author)
- Umeå universitetPediatrik (creator_code:org_t)
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- In:The American journal of clinical nutrition79:1, s. 111-50002-9165
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