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Comparison of the d...
Comparison of the distribution and phenology of Arctic Mountain plants between the early 20th and 21st centuries
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- MacDougall, Andrew S. (author)
- Umeå universitet,Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Caplat, Paul (author)
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- Olofsson, Johan (author)
- Umeå universitet,Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap
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- Siewert, Matthias B. (author)
- Umeå universitet,Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap
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Bonner, Colin (author)
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Esch, Ellen (author)
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Lessard-Therrien, Malie (author)
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- Rosenzweig, Hannah (author)
- Umeå universitet
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- Schäfer, Anne-Kathrin (author)
- Umeå universitet
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- Raker, Pia (author)
- Umeå universitet
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- Ridha, Hassan (author)
- Umeå universitet
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- Bolmgren, Kjell (author)
- Umeå universitet
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Fries, Thore C. E. (author)
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- Larson, Keith (author)
- Umeå universitet,Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2021-07-23
- 2021
- English.
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In: Global Change Biology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 27:20, s. 5070-5083
- Related links:
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
Subject headings
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- Arctic plants are adapted to climatic variability, but their long-term responses to warming remain unclear. Responses may occur by range shifts, phenological adjustments in growth and reproduction, or both. Here, we compare distribution and phenology of 83 arctic and boreal mountain species, sampled identically in the early 20th (1917-1919) and 21st centuries (2017-2018) from a region of northern Sweden that has warmed significantly. We test two compensatory hypotheses to high-latitude warming-upward shifts in distribution, and earlier or extended growth and reproduction. For distribution, we show dramatic upward migration by 69% of species, averaging 6.1 m per decade, especially boreal woodland taxa whose upward expansion has reduced arctic montane habitat by 30%. Twenty percent of summit species showed distributional shifts but downward, especially moisture-associated snowbed flora. For phenology, we detected wide inter-annual variability in the onset of leafing and flowering in both eras. However, there was no detectable change in growing-season length, relating to two mechanisms. First, plot-level snow melt data starting in 1917 demonstrated that melt date, rather than vernal temperatures, better predicts plant emergence, with snow melt influenced by warmer years having greater snowfall-warmer springs did not always result in earlier emergence because snowbeds can persist longer. Second, the onset of reproductive senescence between eras was similar, even when plant emergence was earlier by a month, possibly due to intensified summer heat stress or hard-wired 'canalization' where senescence occurs regardless of summer temperature. Migrations in this system have possibly buffered arctic species against displacement by boreal expansion and warming, but ongoing temperature increases, woody plant invasion, and a potential lack of flexibility in timing of senescence may foreshadow challenges.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Ekologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Ecology (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Miljövetenskap (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Environmental Sciences (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- arctic flora
- climate change
- historical data
- migration
- mountain
- phenology
- resiliency
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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- By the author/editor
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MacDougall, Andr ...
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Caplat, Paul
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Olofsson, Johan
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Siewert, Matthia ...
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Bonner, Colin
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Esch, Ellen
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show more...
-
Lessard-Therrien ...
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Rosenzweig, Hann ...
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Schäfer, Anne-Ka ...
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Raker, Pia
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Ridha, Hassan
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Bolmgren, Kjell
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Fries, Thore C. ...
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Larson, Keith
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show less...
- About the subject
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- NATURAL SCIENCES
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NATURAL SCIENCES
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and Biological Scien ...
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and Ecology
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- NATURAL SCIENCES
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NATURAL SCIENCES
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and Earth and Relate ...
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and Environmental Sc ...
- Articles in the publication
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Global Change Bi ...
- By the university
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Umeå University