Impact of aerobic exercise on brain structure in models of aging: Hippocampus and beyond

Stiernman Jonasson, Lars,1983-Umeå universitet,Institutionen för integrativ medicinsk biologi (IMB),Umeå centrum för funktionell hjärnavbildning (UFBI) (author)

Impact of aerobic exercise on brain structure in models of aging : Hippocampus and beyond

Evidence from multiple scientific disciplines indicates that aerobic exercise could be effective in enhancing brain health and function in aging, and reducing the risk for cognitive impairment and dementia. Animal models have provided convincing evidence that exercise increases the expression of growth factors involved in neuroplasticity. By triggering signaling cascades in the brain, these growth factors promote proliferation, neurogenesis, neural differentiation, and cell survival in the hippocampus, and angiogenesis and/or synaptic plasticity and neural growth throughout the brain more generally. These growth factor-induced effects partly explain why exercise improves memory. Furthermore, they engender neuroprotective effects by influencing regeneration, remyelination, cell survival, and waste removal. Whereas human intervention evidence supports hippocampal plasticity, cross-sectional studies highlight effects in the cortex too, indicating that exercise-induced gross morphological changes may be regionally specific. Aerobic exercise is a promising nonpharmacological therapy to maintain brain health, although knowledge about the effects of specific exercise parameters (i.e., intensity) on different populations is still lacking.

Stillman, ChelseaDepartment of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Sennott Square, PA, Pittsburgh, United States (author)
Erickson, Kirk I.Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Sennott Square, PA, Pittsburgh, United States (author)
Umeå universitetInstitutionen för integrativ medicinsk biologi (IMB) (creator_code:org_t)

By the author/editor: Stiernman Jonass ...; Stillman, Chelse ...; Erickson, Kirk I ...

About the subject

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Basic Medicine; and Neurosciences

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Neurology

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