The role of modified nucleosides in tRNA interactions

eBook published in 2017.
Transfer RNA interacts with many different molecules in the cell. During the translation process tRNA interacts with aminoacyl-tRNA ligases, initiation factors, elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), elongation factor G (EF-G), mRNA, ribosomes, and peptidylhydrolase. tRNAs also interact with several ribosomal proteins as well as with different parts of the 16S and the 23S rRNA. Furthermore, tRNA is also involved in such diverse processes as synthesis of chlorophyll, heme and vitamin B12, 1 cell division, 2 - 5 cell wall biosynthesis, 6 proteolytic degradation, 7, 8 and priming reverse RNA-DNA synthesis during replication of retroviruses. 9 Thus, tRNA interacts with many different molecules in the cell and this may be one reason why this fascinating molecule has the 25highest density of modified nucleosides among all RNA molecules in the cell. In fact, the presence of so many different modified nucleosides in the tRNA introduces local chemical microenvironments in the molecule that may be recognition sites for proteins or nucleic acids and may change the conformation of the tRNA. This review will cover the role of modified nucleosides in all of these different interactions with emphasis on their role in the anticodon:codon interaction.

In:Transfer RNA in protein synthesisBoca Raton : CRC Press, s. 23-85978135107739208493569899781315898292

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