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  • Makarova, Kira S (author)

Evolution and classification of the CRISPR-Cas systems

  • Article/chapterEnglish2011

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • 2011-05-09
  • Nature Publishing Group,2011
  • printrdacarrier

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:umu-45507
  • https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-45507URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2577DOI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

Part of subdatabase

Classification

  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

Notes

  • The CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated proteins) modules are adaptive immunity systems that are present in many archaea and bacteria. These defence systems are encoded by operons that have an extraordinarily diverse architecture and a high rate of evolution for both the cas genes and the unique spacer content. Here, we provide an updated analysis of the evolutionary relationships between CRISPR-Cas systems and Cas proteins. Three major types of CRISPR-Cas system are delineated, with a further division into several subtypes and a few chimeric variants. Given the complexity of the genomic architectures and the extremely dynamic evolution of the CRISPR-Cas systems, a unified classification of these systems should be based on multiple criteria. Accordingly, we propose a 'polythetic' classification that integrates the phylogenies of the most common cas genes, the sequence and organization of the CRISPR repeats and the architecture of the CRISPR-cas loci.

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Haft, Daniel H (author)
  • Barrangou, Rodolphe (author)
  • Brouns, Stan J J (author)
  • Charpentier, EmmanuelleUmeå universitet,Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR),Molekylär Infektionsmedicin, Sverige (MIMS),Institutionen för molekylärbiologi (Medicinska fakulteten),Charpentier(Swepub:umu)emch0006 (author)
  • Horvath, Philippe (author)
  • Moineau, Sylvain (author)
  • Mojica, Francisco J M (author)
  • Wolf, Yuri I (author)
  • Yakunin, Alexander F (author)
  • van der Oost, John (author)
  • Koonin, Eugene V (author)
  • Umeå universitetUmeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR) (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:Nature Reviews Microbiology: Nature Publishing Group9:6, s. 467-4771740-15261740-1534

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