High physical fitness in young adulthood reduces the risk of fractures later in life in men: a nationwide cohort study

High physical fitness in young adulthood reduces the risk of fractures later in life in men : a nationwide cohort study

A few studies indicate that self reported physical activity is associated with the risk of fractures in middle-aged and elderly men. We investigated whether objectively measured physical fitness in young adulthood was associated with the risk of low-energy fractures later in life in men. Aerobic capacity and isometric muscle strength were measured in 435445 Swedish men that conscripted for military service from 1969-1978. Incident fractures were searched in national registers. During a median follow-up period of 35 years (range, 11-41 years), 8 030 subjects sustained at least one fracture, increasing the risk of death 1.8 times (95% CI = 1.6-2.0) during follow up. When comparing men in the lowest and highest decile of physical fitness, the risk of a fracture was 1.8 times higher (95% CI = 1.6-2.1) and that of hip fracture was 2.7 times higher (95% CI = 1.6-4.7). The risk of fracture was also 1.4-1.5 times higher when comparing the extreme deciles of muscle strength (p < 0.001 for all). In a subcohort of 1009 twin pairs, up to 22% of the variation in physical fitness and 27-39% of the variation in muscle strength was attributable to environmental factors unique to one twin, e.g. physical activity. In conclusion, low aerobic capacity and muscle strength in young adulthood are associated with an increased risk of low-energy fractures later in life, while a low-energy fracture is associated with an increased risk of death already in middle-aged men.

In:Journal of Bone and Mineral Research: Wiley-Blackwell28:5, s. 1061-10670884-04311523-4681

By the author/editor: Nordström, Peter; Sievänen, Harri; Gustafson, Yngve; Pedersen, Nancy ...; Nordström, Anna

About the subject

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Health Sciences; and Sport and Fitnes ...

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Endocrinology an ...

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