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  • Cho, Nam-Hyuk (author)

The Orientia tsutsugamushi genome reveals massive proliferation of conjugative type IV secretion system and host–cell interaction genes

  • Article/chapterEnglish2007

Publisher, publication year, extent ...

  • 2007-05-08
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2007
  • printrdacarrier

Numbers

  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:uu-14984
  • https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-14984URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0611553104DOI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English
  • Summary in:English

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  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

Notes

  • Scrub typhus is caused by the obligate intracellular rickettsia Orientia tsutsugamushi (previously called Rickettsia tsutsugamushi). The bacterium is maternally inherited in trombicuid mites and transmitted to humans by feeding larvae. We report here the 2,127,051-bp genome of the Boryong strain, which represents the most highly repeated bacterial genome sequenced to date. The repeat density of the scrub typhus pathogen is 200-fold higher than that of its close relative Rickettsia prowazekii, the agent of epidemic typhus. A total of 359 tra genes for components of conjugative type IV secretion systems were identified at 79 sites in the genome. Associated with these are >200 genes for signaling and host–cell interaction proteins, such as histidine kinases, ankyrin-repeat proteins, and tetratrico peptide-repeat proteins. Additionally, the O. tsutsugamushi genome contains >400 transposases, 60 phage integrases, and 70 reverse transcriptases. Deletions and rearrangements have yielded unique gene combinations as well as frequent pseudogenization in the tra clusters. A comparative analysis of the tra clusters within the genome and across strains indicates sequence homogenization by gene conversion, whereas complexity, diversity, and pseudogenization are acquired by duplications, deletions, and transposon integrations into the amplified segments. The results suggest intragenomic duplications or multiple integrations of a massively proliferating conjugative transfer system. Diversifying selection on host–cell interaction genes along with repeated population bottlenecks may drive rare genome variants to fixation, thereby short-circuiting selection for low complexity in bacterial genomes.

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Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

  • Kim, Hang-Rae (author)
  • Lee, Jung-Hee (author)
  • Kim, Se-Yoon (author)
  • Kim, Jaejong (author)
  • Cha, Sunho (author)
  • Kim, Sang-Yoon (author)
  • Darby, Alistair C.Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för evolution, genomik och systematik (author)
  • Fuxelius, Hans-HenrikUppsala universitet,Institutionen för evolution, genomik och systematik(Swepub:uu)hafux109 (author)
  • Yin, JunUppsala universitet,Institutionen för evolution, genomik och systematik (author)
  • Kim, Ju Han (author)
  • Kim, Jihun (author)
  • Lee, Sang Joo (author)
  • Koh, Young-Sang (author)
  • Jang, Won-Jong (author)
  • Park, Kyung-Hee (author)
  • Andersson, SivUppsala universitet,Institutionen för evolution, genomik och systematik(Swepub:uu)san07069 (author)
  • Choi, Myung-Sik (author)
  • Kim, Ik-Sang (author)
  • Uppsala universitetInstitutionen för evolution, genomik och systematik (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences104:19, s. 7981-79860027-84241091-6490

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