Stone heave field experiment in sand

• Movements of 24 cm large globes and cuboids of granite, concrete and wood were recorded during four and a half years. The objects were buried at three different depths in well-sorted sand in a natural cool temperate environment. All objects moved during the experiment and at the end most wood objects, which had a relatively low thermal conductivity had moved up, and the granite and concrete objects with higher thermal conductivities had sunk a little or remained almost in place. Also the soil surface moved and its final height was up to 1 cm above that at the start. The movements of the objects started within a few hours after temperature shifts around 0 degrees C with the granite reacting more readily than the wood. It is hypothesized that the movements are related to the thermal properties of the objects and the soil. The experiment was done in parallel with an experiment in clayey silt and the net results in sand show clear parallels to the movements of similar objects in the silt. It is concluded that the material and shape of the object are more important to movements than whether they are embedded in sand or silty clay. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Nyckelord

Stone heave

Sand

Freeze-thaw

Water-vapour movement

Quasi-natural field experiment

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NATURVETENSKAP

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