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Aposematism, Crypsi...
Aposematism, Crypsis and Population Differentiation in the Strawberry Poison Frog
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- Rudh, Andreas (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Zooekologi
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- Qvarnström, Anna, Professor (preses)
- Uppsala universitet,Zooekologi
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- Höglund, Jacob, Professor (preses)
- Uppsala universitet,Populationsbiologi och naturvårdsbiologi
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- Speed, Michael, Dr (opponent)
- University of Liverpool, Instityte of intergrative Biology
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(creator_code:org_t)
- ISBN 9789155484323
- Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2012
- Engelska 43 s.
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Serie: Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology, 1651-6214 ; 956
- Relaterad länk:
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https://uu.diva-port... (primary) (Raw object)
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Evolutionary transitions between the two major predator avoidance strategies aposematism and crypsis are expected to be associated with changes in many important traits of animals. However, empirical studies on populations experiencing ongoing or recent transitions between these strategies are rare. This thesis investigates the co-evolution of traits among populations of the Strawberry poison frog D.pumilio in Bocas del Toro, Panama. I found that all investigated populations were genetically distinct but that colour and pattern did not correlate with genetic or geographic distance, which suggests that selection needs to be invoked to explain the observed variation. Based on the chromatic contrast between frog dorsal colour and the natural habitat substrates used by the frogs, the populations were defined as bright or dull coloured. I found that frogs from bright coloured populations were larger. This is expected if aposematism is enhanced by large signals while crypsis is enhanced by small size. Further, individuals from bright coloured populations had a coarser black dorsal pattern, which is expected if crypsis is impaired by a bold pattern. The importance of pattern coarseness was confirmed by an avian detection experiment showing that coarse patterned dark green prey were more easily detected than dark green prey without pattern or with fine pattern. I put forward the hypothesis that enhanced protection, gained by aposematism, may affect behaviours that influence dispersal and pairing patterns. Indeed, males from bright coloured populations displayed at more exposed sites and showed a tendency to be more explorative and aggressive. In summary, my results show that the bright and dull coloured populations most likely represent an aposematic and a cryptic strategy, respectively. Furthermore, I show that evolutionary changes between aposematism and crypsis can be associated with coevolution of both morphology and behaviour. I argue that this coevolution may increase the likelihood of both pre- and post-zygotic reproductive isolation. This is because greater phenotypic differences between populations increase the likelihood of selection against badly adapted migrants and hybrids with intermediate traits.
Ämnesord
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Evolutionsbiologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Evolutionary Biology (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Zoologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Zoology (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Ekologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Ecology (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- co-evolution
- population divergence
- natural selection
- sexual selection
- warning colouration
- Oophaga pumilio
- Dendrobates pumilio
- aggression
- explorative behaviour
- colour patterns
- Biologi med inriktning mot zooekologi
- Biology with specialization in Animal Ecology
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- vet (ämneskategori)
- dok (ämneskategori)
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