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The Association of Gum Bleeding with Respiratory Health in a Population Based Study from Northern Europe
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- Real, Francisco Gomez (author)
- Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway.;Haukeland Hosp, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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- Barrionuevo, Laura Perez (author)
- Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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- Franklin, Karl, 1954- (author)
- Umeå universitet,Kirurgi,Umea Univ, Dept Surg & Perioperat Sci, Umea, Sweden.
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- Lindberg, Eva (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Lung- allergi- och sömnforskning,Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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- Bertelsen, Randi Jacobsen (author)
- Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway.;,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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- Benediktsdottir, Bryndis (author)
- Univ Iceland, Fac Med, Reykjavik, Iceland.,University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland
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- Forsberg, Bertil, 1956- (author)
- Umeå universitet,Yrkes- och miljömedicin,Arcum,Umea Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Umea, Sweden.
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- Gislason, Thorarinn (author)
- Univ Iceland, Fac Med, Reykjavik, Iceland.,University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland
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- Jogi, Rain (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Lung- allergi- och sömnforskning,Tartu Univ Clin, Lung Clin, Tartu, Estonia.,Lung Clinic, Tartu University Clinics, Tartu, Estonia
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- Johannessen, Ane (author)
- Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway.;Haukeland Hosp, Clin Res Ctr, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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- Omenaas, Ernst (author)
- Haukeland Hosp, Clin Res Ctr, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.,Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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- Saure, Eirunn (author)
- Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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- Schlunssen, Vivi (author)
- Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Sect Environm Occupat & Hlth, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Section for Environment, Occupation and Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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- Skorge, Trude Duelien (author)
- Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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- Toren, Kjell (author)
- Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Occupat & Environm Med, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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- Perez Saavedra, Antonio (author)
- Clin Dent Perez Saveedra, Malaga, Spain.,Clinica Dental Pérez Saveedra, Málaga, Spain
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- Svanes, Oistein (author)
- Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway.;Haukeland Hosp, Dept Occupat Med, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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- Astrom, Anne Nordrehaug (author)
- Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Dent, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen Norway
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- Janson*, Christer (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Lung- allergi- och sömnforskning,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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- Svanes*, Cecilie (author)
- Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway.;Haukeland Hosp, Dept Occupat Med, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Univ Bergen, Dept Clin Sci, Bergen, Norway;Haukeland Hosp, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (creator_code:org_t)
- 2016-01-25
- 2016
- English.
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:1
- Related links:
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Abstract
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- Background There is little knowledge about how oral and respiratory health is interrelated even though the mucosa of the oral cavity and airways constitutes a continuum and the exposures to these are partly similar. Aims To investigate whether gum bleeding is related to asthma, respiratory symptoms and self-reported COPD. Methods A postal questionnaire including questions about respiratory and oral health was sent to general population samples in seven Northern European centres. In 13,409 responders, gum bleeding when brushing teeth was reported always/often by 4% and sometimes by 20%. Logistic regressions accounted for age, smoking, educational level, centre and gender. Effects of BMI, cardio-metabolic diseases, early life factors, gastro-oesophageal reflux, dental hygiene, nasal congestion, and asthma medication were addressed. Results Gum bleeding always/often was significantly associated with >= 3 asthma symptoms (OR 2.58, 95% CI 2.10-3.18), asthma (1.62 [1.23-2.14]) and self-reported COPD (2.02 [1.283.18]). There was a dose-response relationship between respiratory outcomes and gum bleeding frequency (>= 3 symptoms: gum bleeding sometimes 1.42 [1.25-1.60], often/always 2.58 [2.10-3.18]), and there was no heterogeneity between centres (p(heterogeneity) = 0.49). None of the investigated risk factors explained the associations. The observed associations were significantly stronger among current smokers (p(interaction) = 0.004). Conclusions A consistent link between gum bleeding and obstructive airways disease was observed, not explained by common risk factors or metabolic factors. We speculate that oral pathogens might have unfavourable impact on the airways, and that the direct continuity of the mucosa of the oral cavity and the airways reflects a pathway that might provide novel opportunities for interventions.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Lungmedicin och allergi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Respiratory Medicine and Allergy (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap -- Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences -- Occupational Health and Environmental Health (hsv//eng)
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Real, Francisco ...
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Barrionuevo, Lau ...
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Franklin, Karl, ...
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Lindberg, Eva
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Bertelsen, Randi ...
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Benediktsdottir, ...
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Forsberg, Bertil ...
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Gislason, Thorar ...
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Jogi, Rain
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Johannessen, Ane
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Omenaas, Ernst
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Saure, Eirunn
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Schlunssen, Vivi
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Skorge, Trude Du ...
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Toren, Kjell
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Perez Saavedra, ...
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Svanes, Oistein
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Astrom, Anne Nor ...
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Janson*, Christe ...
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Svanes*, Cecilie
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Uppsala University
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Umeå University