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The primordial nucl...
The primordial nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
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- Davidsson, Björn (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Teoretisk astrofysik,Jet Prop Lab, MS 183-301,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
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- Sierks, H. (författare)
- Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Justus von Liebig Weg 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
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- Guettler, C. (författare)
- Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Justus von Liebig Weg 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
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visa fler...
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- Marzari, F. (författare)
- Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
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- Pajola, M. (författare)
- Univ Padua, Ctr Ateneo Studi & Attivita Spaziali Giuseppe Col, Via Venezia 15, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
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- Rickman, Hans (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Teoretisk astrofysik,PAN Space Res Ctr, Bartycka 18A, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
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- A'Hearn, M. F. (författare)
- Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Justus von Liebig Weg 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.;Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;Akad Wissensch Gottingen, Justus von Liebig Weg 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
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Auger, A. -T (författare)
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- El-Maarry, M. R. (författare)
- Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Sidlerstr 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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- Fornasier, S. (författare)
- Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris 06, CNRS, LESIA Observ Paris, 5 Pl J Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France.
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- Gutierrez, P. J. (författare)
- CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, C Glorieta Astron S-N, E-18008 Granada, Spain.
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- Keller, H. U. (författare)
- Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, IGEP, Mendelssohnstr 3, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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- Massironi, M. (författare)
- Univ Padua, Ctr Ateneo Studi & Attivita Spaziali Giuseppe Col, Via Venezia 15, I-35131 Padua, Italy.;Univ Padua, Dipartimento Geosci, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
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- Snodgrass, C. (författare)
- Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Planetary & Space Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
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Vincent, J. -B (författare)
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- Barbieri, C. (författare)
- Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy.
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- Lamy, P. L. (författare)
- CNRS, Lab Astrophys Marseille, UMR 7326, 38 Rue Frederic Joliot Curie, F-13388 Marseille 13, France.;Aix Marseille Univ, 38 Rue Frederic Joliot Curie, F-13388 Marseille 13, France.
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- Rodrigo, R. (författare)
- CSIC INTA, Ctr Astrobiol, Madrid 28850, Spain.;Int Space Sci Inst, Hallerstr 6, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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- Koschny, D. (författare)
- ESA, European Space Res & Technol Ctr, Sci Support Off, Keplerlaan 1,Postbus 299, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands.
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- Barucci, M. A. (författare)
- Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris 06, CNRS, LESIA Observ Paris, 5 Pl J Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France.
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Bertaux, J. -L (författare)
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- Bertini, I. (författare)
- Univ Padua, Ctr Ateneo Studi & Attivita Spaziali Giuseppe Col, Via Venezia 15, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
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- Cremonese, G. (författare)
- INAF, Osservatorio Astron Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padua, Italy.
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- Da Deppo, V. (författare)
- CNR IFN UOS Padova LUXOR, Via Trasea 7, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
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- Debei, S. (författare)
- Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Via Venezia 1, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
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- De Cecco, M. (författare)
- Univ Trento, Via Mesiano 77, I-38100 Trento, Italy.
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- Feller, C. (författare)
- Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris 06, CNRS, LESIA Observ Paris, 5 Pl J Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France.;Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, 4 Rue Elsa Morante, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
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- Fulle, M. (författare)
- INAF, Osservatorio Astron, I-34014 Trieste, Italy.
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- Groussin, O. (författare)
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France.
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- Hviid, S. F. (författare)
- Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Planetenforsch, Rutherfordstr 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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- Hoefner, S. (författare)
- Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Justus von Liebig Weg 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
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Ip, W. -H (författare)
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- Jorda, L. (författare)
- CNRS, Lab Astrophys Marseille, UMR 7326, 38 Rue Frederic Joliot Curie, F-13388 Marseille 13, France.;Aix Marseille Univ, 38 Rue Frederic Joliot Curie, F-13388 Marseille 13, France.
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- Knollenberg, J. (författare)
- Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Planetenforsch, Rutherfordstr 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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- Kovacs, G. (författare)
- Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Justus von Liebig Weg 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
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Kramm, J. -R (författare)
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- Kuehrt, E. (författare)
- Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Planetenforsch, Rutherfordstr 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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- Kueppers, M. (författare)
- ESA, European Space Astron Ctr, Operat Dept, POB 78, Madrid 28691, Spain.
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La Forgia, F. (författare)
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- Lara, L. M. (författare)
- CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, C Glorieta Astron S-N, E-18008 Granada, Spain.
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Lazzarin, M. (författare)
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- Moreno, J. J. Lopez (författare)
- CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, C Glorieta Astron S-N, E-18008 Granada, Spain.
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Moissl-Fraund, R. (författare)
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- Mottola, S. (författare)
- Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Planetenforsch, Rutherfordstr 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.;ESA, European Space Astron Ctr, Operat Dept, POB 78, Madrid 28691, Spain.
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- Naletto, G. (författare)
- Univ Padua, Dept Informat Engn, Via Gradenigo 6-B, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
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- Oklay, N. (författare)
- Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Justus von Liebig Weg 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
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- Thomas, N. (författare)
- Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Sidlerstr 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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- Tubiana, C. (författare)
- Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Justus von Liebig Weg 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2016-07-25
- 2016
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 592
- Relaterad länk:
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https://www.aanda.or...
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Context. We investigate the formation and evolution of comet nuclei and other trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) in the solar nebula and primordial disk prior to the giant planet orbit instability foreseen by the Nice model. Aims. Our goal is to determine whether most observed comet nuclei are primordial rubble-pile survivors that formed in the solar nebula and young primordial disk or collisional rubble piles formed later in the aftermath of catastrophic disruptions of larger parent bodies. We also propose a concurrent comet and TNO formation scenario that is consistent with observations. Methods. We used observations of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko by the ESA Rosetta spacecraft, particularly by the OSIRIS camera system, combined with data from the NASA Stardust sample-return mission to comet 81P/Wild 2 and from meteoritics; we also used existing observations from ground or from spacecraft of irregular satellites of the giant planets, Centaurs, and TNOs. We performed modeling of thermophysics, hydrostatics, orbit evolution, and collision physics. Results. We find that thermal processing due to short-lived radionuclides, combined with collisional processing during accretion in the primordial disk, creates a population of medium-sized bodies that are comparably dense, compacted, strong, heavily depleted in supervolatiles like CO and CO2; they contain little to no amorphous water ice, and have experienced extensive metasomatism and aqueous alteration due to liquid water. Irregular satellites Phoebe and Himalia are potential representatives of this population. Collisional rubble piles inherit these properties from their parents. Contrarily, comet nuclei have low density, high porosity, weak strength, are rich in supervolatiles, may contain amorphous water ice, and do not display convincing evidence of in situ metasomatism or aqueous alteration. We outline a comet formation scenario that starts in the solar nebula and ends in the primordial disk, that reproduces these observed properties, and additionally explains the presence of extensive layering on 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (and on 9P/Tempel 1 observed by Deep Impact), its bi-lobed shape, the extremely slow growth of comet nuclei as evidenced by recent radiometric dating, and the low collision probability that allows primordial nuclei to survive the age of the solar system. Conclusions. We conclude that observed comet nuclei are primordial rubble piles, and not collisional rubble piles. We argue that TNOs formed as a result of streaming instabilities at sizes below similar to 400 km and that similar to 350 of these grew slowly in a low-mass primordial disk to the size of Triton, Pluto, and Eris, causing little viscous stirring during growth. We thus propose a dynamically cold primordial disk, which prevented medium-sized TNOs from breaking into collisional rubble piles and allowed the survival of primordial rubble-pile comets. We argue that comets formed by hierarchical agglomeration out of material that remained after TNO formation, and that this slow growth was a necessity to avoid thermal processing by short-lived radionuclides that would lead to loss of supervolatiles, and that allowed comet nuclei to incorporate similar to 3 Myr old material from the inner solar system.
Ämnesord
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
- Kuiper belt: general
- protoplanetary disks
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- ref (ämneskategori)
- art (ämneskategori)
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Davidsson, Björn
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Sierks, H.
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Guettler, C.
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Marzari, F.
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Pajola, M.
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Rickman, Hans
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visa fler...
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A'Hearn, M. F.
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Auger, A. -T
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El-Maarry, M. R.
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Fornasier, S.
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Gutierrez, P. J.
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Keller, H. U.
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Massironi, M.
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Snodgrass, C.
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Vincent, J. -B
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Barbieri, C.
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Lamy, P. L.
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Rodrigo, R.
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Koschny, D.
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Barucci, M. A.
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Bertaux, J. -L
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Bertini, I.
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Cremonese, G.
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Da Deppo, V.
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Debei, S.
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De Cecco, M.
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Feller, C.
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Fulle, M.
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Groussin, O.
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Hviid, S. F.
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Hoefner, S.
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Ip, W. -H
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Jorda, L.
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Knollenberg, J.
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Kovacs, G.
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Kramm, J. -R
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Kuehrt, E.
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Kueppers, M.
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La Forgia, F.
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Lara, L. M.
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Lazzarin, M.
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Moreno, J. J. Lo ...
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Moissl-Fraund, R ...
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Mottola, S.
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Naletto, G.
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Oklay, N.
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Thomas, N.
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Tubiana, C.
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Uppsala universitet