Transforming growth factor beta as regulator of cancer stemness and metastasis

• Key elements of cancer progression towards metastasis are the biological actions of cancer stem cells and stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment. Cross-communication between tumour and stromal cells is mediated by secreted cytokines, one of which, the transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta), regulates essentially every cell within the malignant tissue. In this article, we focus on the actions of TGF beta on cancer stem cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts and immune cells that assist the overall process of metastatic dissemination. We aim at illustrating intricate connections made by various cells in the tumour tissue and which depend on the action of TGF beta.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Cancer och onkologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Cancer and Oncology (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

cancer-associated fibroblast

cancer stem cell

metastasis

immune suppression

transforming growth factor beta

tumour invasiveness

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