Titan’s ionosphere and dust: – as seen by a space weather station

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Shebanits, OlegUppsala universitet,Institutet för rymdfysik, Uppsalaavdelningen,Rymd- och plasmafysik (author)

Titan’s ionosphere and dust : – as seen by a space weather station

BookEnglish2017

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Uppsala :Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis,2017
69 s.
electronicrdacarrier

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:uu-329490
ISBN:9789151300764
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-329490URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Subject category:vet swepub-contenttype
Subject category:dok swepub-publicationtype

Notes

Titan, the largest moon of Saturn, is the only known moon with a fully developed nitrogen-rich atmosphere, its ionosphere is detectable as high as 2200 km above its surface and hosts complex organic chemistry. Titan’s atmosphere and ionosphere has striking similarities to current theories of these regions around Earth 3.5 billion years ago. The Cassini spacecraft has been in orbit around Saturn since 2004 and carries a wide range of instruments for investigating Titan’s ionosphere, among them the Langmuir probe, a “space weather station”, manufactured and operated by the Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala.This thesis presents studies of positive ions, negative ions and negatively charged dust grains (also called aerosols) in Titan’s ionosphere using the in-situ measurements by the Cassini Langmuir probe, supplemented by the data from particle mass spectrometers. One of the main results is the detection of significant (up to about 4000 cm-3) charge densities of heavy (up to about 13800 amu/charge) negative ions and dust grains in Titan’s ionosphere below 1400 km altitude. The dust is found to be the main negative charge carrier below about 1100 km on the nightside/terminator ionosphere, forming a dusty plasma (also called “ion-ion” plasma). A new analysis method is developed using a combination of simultaneous observations by multiple instruments for a case study of four flybys of Titan’s ionosphere, further constraining the ionospheric plasma charge densities. This allows to predict a dusty plasma in the dayside ionosphere below 900 km altitude (thus declaring it a global phenomenon), as well as to empirically estimate the average charge of the negative ions and dust grains to between -2.5 and -1.5 elementary charges. The complete Cassini dataset spans just above 13 years, allowing to study effects of the solar activity on Titan’s ionosphere. From solar minimum to maximum, the increase in the solar EUV flux increases the densities by a factor of ~2 in the dayside ionosphere and, surprisingly, decreases by a factor of ~3-4 in the nightside ionosphere. The latter is proposed to be an effect of the ionospheric photochemistry modified by higher solar EUV flux. Modelling photoionization also reveals an EUV trend (as well as solar zenith angle and corotational plasma ram dependencies) in the loss rate coefficient.

Subject headings and genre

NATURVETENSKAP Fysik Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Physical Sciences Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics hsv//eng
Titan
Cassini
Ionosphere
Dusty plasma
Ion-ion plasma
Langmuir probe
aerosols
tholins
Space and Plasma Physics
Rymd- och plasmafysik

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Wahlund, Jan-Erik,Associate ProfessorUppsala universitet,Institutet för rymdfysik, Uppsalaavdelningen (thesis advisor)
Geppert, Wolf Dietrich,ProfessorStockholm University (thesis advisor)
Björneholm, Olle,ProfessorUppsala universitet,Molekyl- och kondenserade materiens fysik (thesis advisor)
Vigren, Erik,PhDUppsala universitet,Institutet för rymdfysik, Uppsalaavdelningen (thesis advisor)
Bertucci, Cesar,Associate ProfessorInstitute for Astronomy and Space Physics, COCICET/University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (opponent)
Uppsala universitetInstitutet för rymdfysik, Uppsalaavdelningen (creator_code:org_t)

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