Endothelial cell disease: emerging knowledge from cerebral cavernous malformations

Lampugnani, Maria GraziaInst Mol Oncol Fdn, FIRC.;Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res. (författare)

Endothelial cell disease : emerging knowledge from cerebral cavernous malformations

Purpose of review Endothelial cells dysfunctions are crucial determinants of several human diseases. We review here the most recent reports on endothelial cell defects in cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs), particularly focusing on adherens junctions. CCM is a vascular disease that affects specifically the venous microvessels of the central nervous system and which is caused by loss-of-function mutation in any one of the three CCM genes (CCM1, 2 or 3) in endothelial cells. The phenotypic result of these mutations are focal vascular malformations that are permeable and fragile causing neurological symptoms and occasionally haemorrhagic stroke. Recent findings CCM is still an incurable disease, as no pharmacological treatment is available, besides surgery. The definition of the molecular alterations ensuing loss of function mutation of CCM genes is contributing to orientate the testing of targeted pharmacological tools Several signalling pathways are altered in the three genotypes in a similar way and concur in the acquisition of mesenchymal markers in endothelial cells. However, also genotype-specific defects are reported, in particular for the CCM1 and CCM3 mutation. Summary Besides the specific CCM disease, the characterization of endothelial alterations in CCM has the potentiality to shed light on basic molecular regulations as the acquisition and maintenance of organ and vascular site specificity of endothelial cells.

Malinverno, MatteoInst Mol Oncol Fdn, FIRC. (författare)
Dejana, ElisabettaUppsala universitet,Institutionen för immunologi, genetik och patologi,Inst Mol Oncol Fdn, FIRC.;Milano Univ, Sch Sci, Dept Biosci.;Milano Univ, Sch Med, Dept Oncol.(Swepub:uu)elide443 (författare)
Rudini, NoemiInst Mol Oncol Fdn, FIRC. (författare)
Inst Mol Oncol Fdn, FIRC.;Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res.Inst Mol Oncol Fdn, FIRC. (creator_code:org_t)

Ingår i:Current opinion in hematology: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS24:3, s. 256-2641065-62511531-7048

Av författaren/redakt...: Lampugnani, Mari ...; Malinverno, Matt ...; Dejana, Elisabet ...; Rudini, Noemi

Om ämnet

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP: MEDICIN OCH HÄLS ...; och Klinisk medicin; och Hematologi

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