Owls lack UV-sensitive cone opsin and red oil droplets, but see UV light at night: Retinal transcriptomes and ocular media transmittance

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Höglund, JuliaUppsala universitet,Medicinsk genetik och genomik,Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab,Lund Univ, Dept Biol, Lund, Sweden,Lund University (author)

Owls lack UV-sensitive cone opsin and red oil droplets, but see UV light at night : Retinal transcriptomes and ocular media transmittance

Article/chapterEnglish2019

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Elsevier BV,2019
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:uu-390536
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-390536URI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2019.02.005DOI
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/c3beaa92-7dda-4950-9003-37da1cc5da15URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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SwePubSwePub

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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

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Most diurnal birds have cone-dominated retinae and tetrachromatic colour vision based on ultra-violet/violet-sensitive UV/V cones expressing short wavelength-sensitive opsin 1 (SWS1), S cones expressing short wavelength-sensitive opsin 2 (SWS2), M cones expressing medium wavelength-sensitive opsin (RH2) and L cones expressing long wavelength-sensitive opsin (LWS). Double cones (D) express LWS but do not contribute to colour vision. Each cone is equipped with an oil droplet, transparent in UV/V cones, but pigmented by carotenoids: galloxanthin in S, zeaxanthin in M, astaxanthin in L and a mixture in D cones. Owls (Strigiformes) are crepuscular or nocturnal birds with rod-dominated retinae and optical adaptations for high sensitivity. For eight species, the absence of functional SWS1 opsin has recently been documented, functional RH2 opsin was absent in three of these. Here we confirm the absence of SWS1 transcripts for the Long-eared owl (Asio otus) and demonstrate its absence for the Short-eared owl (Asio flammeus), Tawny owl (Strix aluco) and Boreal owl (Aegolius funereus). All four species had transcripts of RH2, albeit with low expression. All four species express all enzymes needed to produce galloxanthin, but lack CYP2J19 expression required to produce astaxanthin from dietary precursors. We also present ocular media transmittance of the Eurasian eagle owl (Bubo bubo) and Short-eared owl and predict spectral sensitivities of all photoreceptors of the Tawny owl. We conclude that owls, despite lacking UV/V cones, can detect UV light. This increases the sensitivity of their rod vision allowing them, for instance, to see UV-reflecting feathers as brighter signals at night.

Subject headings and genre

NATURVETENSKAP Biologi Zoologi hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Biological Sciences Zoology hsv//eng
Strigiformes
Owls
Night vision
Opsin
Gene expression
Retina transcriptome
UV-sensitivity
Ocular media transmittance
Gene expression
Night vision
Ocular media transmittance
Opsin
Owls
Retina transcriptome
Strigiformes
UV-sensitivity

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Mitkus, MindaugasLund University,Lunds universitet,Funktionell zoologi,Biologiska institutionen,Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Functional zoology,Department of Biology,Faculty of Science(Swepub:lu)cob-msm (author)
Olsson, PeterLund University,Lunds universitet,Funktionell zoologi,Biologiska institutionen,Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Functional zoology,Department of Biology,Faculty of Science(Swepub:lu)biol-peo (author)
Lind, OlleLund University,Lunds universitet,Kognitionsvetenskap,Filosofiska institutionen,Institutioner,Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteterna,Funktionell zoologi,Biologiska institutionen,Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Cognitive Science,Department of Philosophy,Departments,Joint Faculties of Humanities and Theology,Functional zoology,Department of Biology,Faculty of Science(Swepub:lu)cob-oll (author)
Drews, AnnaLund University,Lunds universitet,MEMEG,Biologiska institutionen,Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Department of Biology,Faculty of Science(Swepub:lu)biol-ade (author)
Bloch, Natasha, IUCL, Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, London WC1E 6BT, England;Univ Andes, Dept Biomed Engn, Bogota, Colombia,University College London,University of los Andes, Columbia (author)
Kelber, AlmutLund University,Lunds universitet,Funktionell zoologi,Biologiska institutionen,Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Syngruppen,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Functional zoology,Department of Biology,Faculty of Science,Lund Vision Group,Lund University Research Groups(Swepub:lu)zool-ake (author)
Strandh, MariaLund University,Lunds universitet,MEMEG,Biologiska institutionen,Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Department of Biology,Faculty of Science(Swepub:lu)ekol-ms0 (author)
Uppsala universitetMedicinsk genetik och genomik (creator_code:org_t)

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In:Vision Research: Elsevier BV158, s. 109-1190042-69891878-5646

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NATURAL SCIENCES: NATURAL SCIENCES; and Biological Scien ...; and Zoology

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