The firn meltwater Retention Model Intercomparison Project (RetMIP): evaluation of nine firn models at four weather station sites on the Greenland ice sheet

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The firn meltwater Retention Model Intercomparison Project (RetMIP) : evaluation of nine firn models at four weather station sites on the Greenland ice sheet

Vandecrux, Baptiste (författare): Geol Survey Denmark & Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark.;Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Civil Engn, Lyngby, Denmark.

Mottram, Ruth (författare): Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Langen, Peter L. (författare): Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark.;Aarhus Univ, Dept Environm Sci, iClimate, Roskilde, Denmark.

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Fausto, Robert S. (författare): Geol Survey Denmark & Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Olesen, Martin (författare): Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Stevens, C. Max (författare): Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.

Verjans, Vincent (författare): Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster, England.

Leeson, Amber (författare): Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster, England.

Ligtenberg, Stefan (författare): Univ Utrecht, Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Utrecht, Netherlands.;Weather Impact, Amersfoort, Netherlands.

Munneke, Peter Kuipers (författare): Univ Utrecht, Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Utrecht, Netherlands.

Marchenko, Sergey (författare): Uppsala universitet,Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära

Van Pelt, Ward (författare): Uppsala universitet,Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära

Meyer, Colin R. (författare): Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.

Simonsen, Sebastian B. (författare): Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, Lyngby, Denmark.

Heilig, Achim (författare): Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Munich, Germany.

Samimi, Samira (författare): Univ Calgary, Dept Geog, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Marshall, Shawn (författare): Univ Calgary, Dept Geog, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Machguth, Horst (författare): Univ Fribourg, Dept Geosci, Fribourg, Switzerland.

MacFerrin, Michael (författare): Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.

Niwano, Masashi (författare): Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050052, Japan.

Miller, Olivia (författare): US Geol Survey, Utah Water Sci Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA.

Voss, Clifford, I (författare): US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.

Box, Jason E. (författare): Geol Survey Denmark & Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark.

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Geol Survey Denmark & Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark;Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Civil Engn, Lyngby, Denmark. Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. (creator_code:org_t)

2020-11-06
2020
Engelska.
Ingår i: The Cryosphere. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1994-0416 .- 1994-0424. ; 14:11, s. 3785-3810

Relaterad länk:: https://doi.org/10.5...; visa fler...; https://uu.diva-port... (primary) (Raw object); https://tc.copernicu...; https://urn.kb.se/re...; https://doi.org/10.5...; visa färre...

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Perennial snow, or firn, covers 80 % of the Greenland ice sheet and has the capacity to retain surface meltwater, influencing the ice sheet mass balance and contribution to sea-level rise. Multilayer firn models are traditionally used to simulate firn processes and estimate meltwater retention. We present, intercompare and evaluate outputs from nine firn models at four sites that represent the ice sheet's dry snow, percolation, ice slab and firn aquifer areas. The models are forced by mass and energy fluxes derived from automatic weather stations and compared to firn density, temperature and meltwater percolation depth observations. Models agree relatively well at the dry-snow site while elsewhere their meltwater infiltration schemes lead to marked differences in simulated firn characteristics. Models accounting for deep meltwater percolation overestimate percolation depth and firn temperature at the percolation and ice slab sites but accurately simulate recharge of the firn aquifer. Models using Darcy's law and bucket schemes compare favorably to observed firn temperature and meltwater percolation depth at the percolation site, but only the Darcy models accurately simulate firn temperature and percolation at the ice slab site. Despite good performance at certain locations, no single model currently simulates meltwater infiltration adequately at all sites. The model spread in estimated meltwater retention and runoff increases with increasing meltwater input. The highest runoff was calculated at the KAN_U site in 2012, when average total runoff across models (+/- 2 sigma) was 353 +/- 610 mm w. e. (water equivalent), about 27 +/- 48 % of the surface meltwater input. We identify potential causes for the model spread and the mismatch with observations and provide recommendations for future model development and firn investigation.

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The firn meltwater Retention Model Intercomparison Project (RetMIP) : evaluation of nine firn models at four weather station sites on the Greenland ice sheet

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